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Wells Score for Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

· Last updated：2026-08-06

This tool is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical, financial, or legal advice; consult a qualified professional for advice.

Calculate the Wells score to estimate clinical probability of pulmonary embolism (PE). Components: clinical signs/symptoms of DVT (+3), PE is the most likely diagnosis (+3), heart rate >100 (+1.5), immobilization ≥3 days or surgery in last 4 weeks (+1.5), previous objectively diagnosed DVT/PE (+1.5), hemoptysis (+1), active malignancy (+1). Reports BOTH endorsed interpretations: three-tier (low <2 ~1.3%, moderate 2–6 ~16.2%, high >6 ~37.5%) and dichotomized two-tier (PE unlikely ≤4 ~12.1% — a negative D-dimer can rule out; PE likely >4 ~37.5% — imaging required). Derived from Wells 2001 (Ann Intern Med), ACEP 2018 clinical policy, and the ESC 2019 PE guideline. Pair with PERC and D-dimer. Not medical advice.

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Written by the Elysia Tools team

Tool usage guide

Learn when to use this tool, what it supports, and how real users apply it.

Key facts

Category
Health
Input types
checkbox
Output type
json
Sample coverage
4
API ready
Yes

Overview

The Wells Score for Pulmonary Embolism calculator estimates the clinical probability of PE from seven yes-or-no criteria, including DVT signs, tachycardia, recent immobilization or surgery, previous DVT or PE, hemoptysis, and active malignancy. It reports both three-tier and two-tier interpretations. This tool is not medical advice.

When to use

  • Estimate the pretest clinical probability of pulmonary embolism using the Wells criteria.
  • Review how selected PE risk factors contribute to the total score.
  • Compare the three-tier interpretation with the two-tier PE-unlikely or PE-likely interpretation.

How it works

  1. 1Select the checkbox for each Wells criterion that applies to the patient.
  2. 2The calculator adds the assigned points: 3, 1.5, or 1 point depending on the criterion.
  3. 3The result reports the total Wells PE score and its three-tier category.
  4. 4It also reports the two-tier interpretation: PE unlikely at 4 points or less, or PE likely above 4 points.

Use cases

  • Emergency assessment of suspected pulmonary embolism.
  • Teaching the point values and interpretation of the Wells clinical prediction rule.
  • Documenting a structured pretest probability assessment before further PE evaluation.

Examples

1. Tachycardia, hemoptysis, and PE most likely

Emergency clinician

Background

A patient has a heart rate of 110 beats per minute, hemoptysis, and no reported DVT signs, recent immobilization, previous VTE, or active malignancy. PE is considered the most likely diagnosis.

Problem

Calculate the Wells score and review both supported interpretations.

How to use

Select PE as the most likely diagnosis, heart rate above 100, and hemoptysis. Leave the other criteria unselected.

Outcome

The total is 5.5. The three-tier result is moderate, while the two-tier result is PE likely, with imaging required according to the tool description.

2. No Wells criteria present

Clinical trainee

Background

A patient being assessed for possible PE has none of the listed Wells criteria: no DVT signs, PE is not the most likely diagnosis, heart rate is not above 100, and there is no qualifying immobilization, previous VTE, hemoptysis, or active malignancy.

Problem

Confirm the baseline score when all seven criteria are absent.

How to use

Leave every checkbox unselected and calculate the result.

FAQ

What does the Wells PE calculator measure?

It estimates the clinical probability of pulmonary embolism using seven established criteria.

Which criteria are included?

The criteria include DVT signs, PE as the most likely diagnosis, heart rate above 100, recent immobilization or surgery, previous DVT or PE, hemoptysis, and active malignancy.

How are the results interpreted?

Three-tier results are low below 2, moderate from 2 to 6, and high above 6. Two-tier results classify PE as unlikely at 4 or less and likely above 4.

Can this score diagnose pulmonary embolism?

No. It estimates clinical probability and must be interpreted with the patient's assessment and appropriate testing.

What should be used with the Wells score?

The tool metadata recommends pairing the score with PERC and D-dimer assessment when clinically appropriate.

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Outcome

The total is 0. The three-tier result is low, and the two-tier result is PE unlikely.