代偿适当:HCO₃=10,实测 PaCO₂=24 → 预期 23±2 预期 PaCO₂ = 1.5×10+8 = 23(21–25)。实测 24 在 ±2 内,呼吸代偿适当——符合纯代谢性酸中毒(如乳酸酸中毒或 DKA)。{"result":"Winter's formula: Expected PaCO₂ = 23 ± 2 mmHg (actual 24 — appropriate compensation).","metadata":{"input":{"hco3":10,"actualPaco2":24},"result":{"expectedPaco2":23,"lowerBound":21,"upperBound":25,"actualPaco2":24,"compensationStatus":"Appropriate respiratory compensation","category":"Appropriate compensation","method":"Expected PaCO₂ = 1.5 × HCO₃⁻ + 8 ± 2","model":"Albert 1967; Emmett UpToDate 2016; LITFL; MDCalc. Not medical advice."}}}
合并呼酸:HCO₃=15,实测 PaCO₂=40 → 预期 30.5±2 预期 PaCO₂ = 1.5×15+8 = 30.5(28.5–32.5)。实测 40 超出上限 7.5,提示在代酸基础上合并呼吸性酸中毒(混合紊乱)。{"result":"Winter's formula: Expected PaCO₂ = 30.5 ± 2 mmHg (actual 40 — concomitant respiratory acidosis).","metadata":{"input":{"hco3":15,"actualPaco2":40},"result":{"expectedPaco2":30.5,"lowerBound":28.5,"upperBound":32.5,"actualPaco2":40,"compensationStatus":"Concomitant respiratory acidosis (PaCO₂ higher than expected)","category":"Concomitant respiratory acidosis","method":"Expected PaCO₂ = 1.5 × HCO₃⁻ + 8 ± 2","model":"Albert 1967; Emmett UpToDate 2016; LITFL; MDCalc. Not medical advice."}}}