Why is the AUC per interval identical across all three regimens?

In linear one-compartment pharmacokinetics, interval AUC depends solely on total administered dose and clearance (AUC = Dose / CL), making total exposure equal when the daily dose is the same.

How does the tool calculate the accumulation ratio (R)?

It uses the standard first-order equation R = 1 / (1 − e^(−kτ)), where k is the elimination rate constant (CL / Vd) and τ is the dosing interval.

Are the concentration curves generated using stochastic simulations?

No. The curves are calculated using exact analytical superposition equations for one-compartment intravenous administration.

What is the difference between bolus Cmax,ss and short-infusion Cmax,ss?

A bolus introduces the dose instantaneously, yielding Cmax,ss = (D / Vd) · R, while a short infusion accounts for drug elimination during infusion time T′, resulting in lower peak levels.

Can this tool be used for clinical dosing recommendations?

No. This tool is designed strictly for educational and pharmacokinetic teaching purposes and should not be used as a clinical dosing advisor.

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Pharmacokinetic Bolus vs Infusion Overlap Tutor

Overlay one-compartment IV bolus, intermittent short-infusion and continuous-infusion concentration curves at the same daily dose: accumulation ratio, steady-state Cmax/Cmin, AUC per interval, time to steady state, peak:trough fluctuation and loading doses.

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What this tool helps you do

A pharmacokinetics teaching tool for the classic one-compartment, first-order-elimination model.

Three regimens are overlaid on one chart at an identical daily dose: IV bolus every τ hours, the same dose as a short intermittent infusion of length T′, and a continuous infusion at rate D/τ. Curves are exact superposition sums, not stochastic simulations.

Derived quantities: k = CL/Vd, t½ = ln2/k, accumulation ratio R = 1/(1−e^(−kτ)), Cmax,ss and Cmin,ss for both bolus (Cmax = (D/Vd)·R, Cmin = Cmax·e^(−kτ)) and short infusion (Cmax = (Rin/CL)(1−e^(−kT′))/(1−e^(−kτ)), Cmin = Cmax·e^(−k(τ−T′))), Css = Rin/CL, AUC per interval = D/CL (identical for all arms), t90/t95 and doses to steady state, peak:trough ratio e^(kτ), and loading doses Css·Vd and D·R.

Drug presets for a 70 kg adult: vancomycin (Vd 0.7 L/kg, CL 0.06 L/h/kg), gentamicin (0.25 L/kg, 0.09 L/h/kg) and theophylline (0.5 L/kg, 0.035 L/h/kg), plus fully custom Vd/CL. Educational tool — not a dosing advisor.

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Pharmacokinetic Bolus vs Infusion Overlap Tutor

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Examples

1. Evaluating Vancomycin Regimens at 2000 mg/Day

2. Extended-Interval Gentamicin Minimal Accumulation Analysis

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