100 个后代中 18 个重组体:r = 18% → 18–22.3 cM 测交得到 100 个后代中 18 个重组体:r = 0.18,SE = √(r(1−r)/N) ≈ 0.038。线性法则给 18 cM;Haldane 无干涉函数给 −50·ln(0.64) = 22.3144 cM;Kosambi 含干涉函数给 25·ln(1.36/0.64) = 18.8443 cM。线性与 Haldane 的差距随距离增大,因为双交换对 r 不可见。{"result":"r = 18/100 = 0.18 (18 cM linear, 22.3144 cM Haldane, 18.8443 cM Kosambi).","metadata":{"input":{"recombinantCount":18,"totalProgeny":100},"result":{"r":0.18,"linearCm":18,"haldaneCm":22.3144,"kosambiCm":18.8443}}}
区间 5.2 + 8.1 + 12.0 cM:总图距 25.3 cM → r ≈ 19.9–23.3% 相邻图距区间 5.2、8.1、12.0 cM 合计 25.3 cM。反演作图函数可预测整个跨度的可观察重组率:Haldane r = ½(1−e^(−0.506)) = 0.1985(19.85%);Kosambi r = ½tanh(0.506) = 0.2334(23.34%)。由于 r 饱和在 50%,单靠重组率无法区分 60 cM 的基因对与不连锁基因——正是作图函数扩展了图谱。{"result":"3 intervals, total 25.3 cM: predicted r Haldane 0.1985, Kosambi 0.2334.","metadata":{"input":{"intervals":[5.2,8.1,12]},"result":{"totalCm":25.3,"rHaldane":0.1985,"rKosambi":0.2334}}}