20 聚体 ATGC 重复,50 mM Na⁺ → 盐校正 Tm = 50.4 °C 20 聚体 ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC(GC 50%)在 50 mM 钠离子下按 Sambrook 公式 Tm = 81.5 + 16.6·log₁₀(0.05) + 0.41×50 − 600÷20 = 50.40 °C——寡核苷酸 ≥14 nt,自动模式选盐校正式。Wallace 规则会给出 60 °C,可见低离子强度下盐校正值明显更低;盐降到 20 mM 时估值将进一步低于 45 °C。{"result":"Tm ≈ 50.4 °C (salt-corrected, 50% GC, 20 nt, 50 mM Na⁺).","metadata":{"input":{"sequence":"ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC","method":"auto","sodiumMm":50},"result":{"tmC":50.4,"methodUsed":"salt-corrected","gcPercent":50,"length":20,"wallaceTmC":60,"saltCorrectedTmC":50.4}}}
10 聚体 ACGTACGTAC → 自动选用 Wallace 规则,Tm = 30 °C 10 聚体探针(ACGTACGTAC,GC 50%)太短,盐校正公式的长度项失效,自动模式回退到 Wallace 规则:Tm = 2×5 + 4×5 = 30 °C。本例展示了长度阈值的切换,也说明为什么 <14 nt 的探针不适合杂交——其双链在体温下几乎无法稳定存在。{"result":"Tm ≈ 30 °C (Wallace rule, 50% GC, 10 nt).","metadata":{"input":{"sequence":"ACGTACGTAC","method":"auto","sodiumMm":50},"result":{"tmC":32,"methodUsed":"wallace","gcPercent":60,"length":10,"wallaceTmC":32,"saltCorrectedTmC":20.4}}}