标记 60 只、重捕 100 只、见 15 只带标记 → N̂ = 384.06(Chapman) 经典野外普查:捕获标记释放 60 只动物,之后捕到 100 只、其中 15 只有标记。Chapman 估计 N̂ = 384.06,SE 73.59,95% 置信区间 [239.83, 528.29];简单 Lincoln–Petersen 估计为 400。约 324 只个体从未被见到,第二批中标记比例 0.15 即种群中被标记比例的估计。{"result":"Chapman estimate N̂ = 384.06 (95% CI 239.83–528.29, SE 73.59) from n₁=60 marked, n₂=100 caught, m₂=15 recaptured. Lincoln–Petersen simple estimate: 400. Never seen: ≈324 individuals.","metadata":{"estimator":"chapman","estimate":384.06,"standardError":73.59,"ciLow":239.83,"ciHigh":528.29,"lincolnPetersen":400}}
蝴蝶监测:标记 250 只、捕到 180 只、重捕 54 只 → N̂ = 825.02 更大工作量的蝴蝶监测:Chapman 估计 N̂ = 825.02(SE 81.38,95% 置信区间 665.51–984.53),Lincoln–Petersen 估计为 833.33。m₂ = 54 次重捕下正态近似区间已较为可靠;每期捕获概率约 0.22。{"result":"Chapman estimate N̂ = 825.02 (95% CI 665.51–984.53, SE 81.38) from n₁=250 marked, n₂=180 caught, m₂=54 recaptured. Lincoln–Petersen simple estimate: 833.33.","metadata":{"estimator":"chapman","estimate":825.02,"standardError":81.38,"ciLow":665.51,"ciHigh":984.53,"lincolnPetersen":833.33}}