显著连锁:20 次减数分裂中 2 个重组体(Zmax = 3.20) 相位已知的连锁样本:2 个重组、18 个非重组减数分裂。最大似然重组率 θ̂ = 2/20 = 0.10,最大 LOD 为 Zmax = log10[0.1²×0.9¹⁸ / 0.5²⁰] = 3.197。由于 Zmax ≥ 3,这是显著支持连锁的证据( odds ≥ 1000:1),图距约 10 cM。{"result":"LOD analysis: 2/20 recombinants, θ̂=0.1, Zmax=3.197 → significant evidence FOR linkage.","metadata":{"input":{"recombinantCount":2,"nonRecombinantCount":18},"result":{"mleTheta":0.1,"maxLod":3.197,"conclusion":"significant evidence for linkage"}}}
排除连锁:20 次减数分裂中 10 个重组体(θ=0.1 处 LOD = −4.44) 不连锁的标记产生 10 个重组、10 个非重组减数分裂(r/N = 0.5,即自由重组期望)。在 θ = 0.1 处求值:LOD = log10[0.1¹⁰×0.9¹⁰ / 0.5²⁰] = −4.437。由于该 θ 处 LOD ≤ −2,10 cM 处的连锁被排除;θ̂ = 0.5 时 LOD = 0,与无连锁一致。{"result":"LOD analysis: 10/20 recombinants, LOD(0.1)=−4.437 → significant evidence AGAINST linkage at θ=0.1.","metadata":{"input":{"recombinantCount":10,"nonRecombinantCount":10,"theta":0.1},"result":{"lod":-4.437,"conclusion":"significant evidence against linkage"}}}