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Complete ABG analysis: pH, primary disorder, compensation (Winter's formula), anion gap ± albumin correction, delta ratio for mixed disorder detection. Derived from Emmett 2016, Kraut 2007, Rastegar 2007, LITFL, MDCalc, and Adrogué 1998. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the glucose infusion rate GIR (mg/kg/min) for neonatal/pediatric IV nutrition. GIR = (mL/h × Dextrose%) / (Weight kg × 6). Supports D5–D50. Targets: 4–6 for term neonates; < 4 hypoglycemia risk; > 12 hyperglycemia risk. Weight in kg or g. Derived from Adamkin 2009, ASPEN 2013, MDCalc, and Singhal 2018. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the total body sodium deficit and safe correction rate to prevent ODS. Na⁺ deficit = TBW × (Target − Measured). Default 8 mmol/L/24h for chronic; 12 mmol/L/24h for acute symptomatic. 3% NaCl volume estimated. Derived from Adrogué NEJM 2000, Verbalis 2013, Spasovski 2014, Sterns 2018, and MDCalc. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the serum Anion Gap (AG) to classify metabolic acidosis. Standard formula AG = Na⁺ − Cl⁻ − HCO₃⁻ (mmol/L), or AG = Na⁺ + K⁺ − Cl⁻ − HCO₃⁻ with optional potassium. A high AG (≈ >12, or >20 with K⁺) indicates accumulation of unmeasured anions (lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, renal failure, and toxins such as methanol/ethylene glycol, salicylates — mnemonic GOLD-MARK). A normal AG (8–12) during metabolic acidosis points to a hyperchloremic (normal-anion-gap) acidosis: diarrhea, renal tubular acidosis, saline resuscitation. A low AG (<3–6) is usually hypoalbuminemia, also hypercalcemia/hypermagnesemia, lithium, cationic IgG paraproteins, or bromide pseudo-hyperchloraemia. Optional albumin correction AG_corrected = AG + 2.5 × (4.0 − albumin g/dL) avoids missing a high-AG acidosis in hypoalbuminemia. Derived from Kraut CJASN 2007, Figge 1998, and MDCalc. Interpret with blood gas and full clinical context. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the Reticulocyte Production Index (RPI) to judge whether the marrow is responding appropriately to anemia. Step 1 — corrected reticulocyte count CRC = Retic% × (patient Hct / normal Hct) (normal Hct 45% men, 40% women). Step 2 — maturation (shift) factor (days) varies with Hct: 45%→1.0, 35%→1.5, 25%→2.0, 15%→2.5 (linearly interpolated). Step 3 — RPI = CRC / maturation factor. Interpretation: RPI > 2 (especially ≥ 3) → appropriate marrow response, suggesting hemolysis or recovery from acute blood loss (the marrow is working — look for peripheral loss/destruction); RPI < 2 → hypoproliferative anemia (iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease/inflammation, aplastic anemia, renal anemia, MDS, marrow infiltration, untreated megaloblastic anemia). RPI is less reliable when anemia is changing rapidly; if an absolute reticulocyte count (ARC, ×10⁹/L) is available, prefer it. Based on Hillman & Finch, Berlin Blood 1959, and MDCalc. Not medical advice.

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Calculate serum osmolality from routinely measured solutes. Conventional formula Osm = 2 × Na + Glucose/18 + BUN/2.8 (Na in mmol/L, glucose & BUN in mg/dL), or the SI-unit form Osm = 2 × Na + Glucose + Urea (all mmol/L). An optional ethanol term (EtOH/4.6) is available when a toxic-alcohol ingestion is being considered. Normal range ≈ 275–295 mOsm/kg. Values < 275 suggest hypo-osmolality (SIADH, primary polydipsia, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism); values > 295 suggest hyperosmolality (hyperglycemia/HHS, hypernatremia, uremia, mannitol, toxic alcohols — the latter also raise the osmolar gap, so measure osmolality and compute the gap). Derived from Dorwart 1975, Rasouli 2014, and MDCalc. Not medical advice.

Development

Translate SQL between MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, BigQuery, Snowflake, and Redshift — DDL, DML, functions and types, with UNSUPPORTED warnings

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Project pulse (floating/deep/slow/rapid…) and tongue (pale/red/purple/coating) signs onto the Shanghan Lun six-meridian (六经辨证) templates with classical formula correspondence

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Calculate the Apgar score to assess newborn condition at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth. Five signs are each scored 0–2 at both time points: Appearance (skin color), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Activity (muscle tone), and Respiration. Each time point totals 0–10. Interpretation: 7–10 reassuring; 4–6 moderately abnormal (may need assistance); 0–3 critically low (immediate resuscitation). The tool reports both the 1-min and 5-min scores, the change (delta), and per-time-point interpretation. A 5-min score, and especially the change from 1 to 5 min, indicates response to resuscitation; persistent low 5-min scores warrant continued resuscitation and reassessment at 10 min. Derived from Apgar 1953, reaffirmed by ACOG/AAP. The Apgar is a physiologic snapshot at a moment in time and is not, by itself, a marker of asphyxia or long-term neurologic outcome. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the 2005 Caprini Risk Assessment Model to stratify venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in surgical patients. ~40 items weighted 1/2/3/5 points: 1 point (age 41-60, minor surgery, BMI >25, swollen legs, varicose veins, pregnancy/postpartum, recurrent miscarriage, OCP/HRT, sepsis <1mo, lung disease/pneumonia <1mo, COPD, acute MI, CHF <1mo, bedridden, medical bed rest, IBD); 2 points (age 61-74, arthroscopic surgery, major open surgery >45min, laparoscopic >45min, malignancy, bed >72h, plaster cast, central line); 3 points (age ≥75, personal/family VTE history, factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, homocysteine, HIT, other thrombophilia); 5 points (stroke <1mo, elective major lower-extremity arthroplasty, hip/pelvis/leg fracture <1mo, acute spinal cord injury <1mo, multiple trauma <1mo). Management tiers: 0 lowest, 1-4 low-moderate (mechanical), 5-6 high (consider LMWH 7-10d), 7-8 high (LMWH 7-10d), ≥9 highest (LMWH 30d). Derived from Caprini 2005. Not medical advice.

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Calculate the COMPLETE (post-endoscopy) Rockall score for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (AUGIB) to predict rebleeding and mortality. Five parameters: Age (<60 =0, 60–79 =1, ≥80 =2); Shock (none SBP≥100 & HR<100 =0, tachycardia SBP≥100 & HR≥100 =1, hypotension SBP<100 =2); Comorbidity (none =0, other major =2, renal/liver failure or disseminated malignancy =3); Endoscopic diagnosis (Mallory-Weiss or no lesion/stigmata =0, all other =1, upper GI malignancy =2); Stigmata of recent hemorrhage (none or dark spot only =0, blood/adherent clot/visible vessel =2). The first three parameters alone form the PRE-ENDOSCOPIC score (0–7); all five form the COMPLETE score (0–11). Interpretation: ≤2 low risk (~4.9% rebleeding, ~0% mortality — consider early discharge); ≥5 high risk. Derived from Rockall et al. 1996 (Gut). The Glasgow-Blatchford Score better identifies very-low-risk patients. Not medical advice.

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