What inputs are required?

Original cross-section area A₀ and maximum force F_max are required. Yield force F_y is optional.

What units should I use?

Enter area in mm² and forces in kN. The calculated stresses are reported in MPa.

Which cross-section area should I enter?

Use the original, unstressed gauge-section area A₀, not the reduced necked area.

What happens if I omit the yield force?

The calculator reports tensile strength only. Yield strength, yield ratio, and ductility class are not computed.

How is ductility classified?

A yield ratio below 0.55 indicates high ductility, 0.55–0.85 indicates moderate ductility, and above 0.85 indicates low ductility.

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Tensile & Yield Strength Calculator

Compute engineering tensile strength σ_uts = F_max/A₀, yield strength σ_y = F_y/A₀ (optional), and the yield ratio σ_y/σ_uts from a uniaxial tension test. Forces in kN, area in mm² → stress in MPa. A₀ is the original cross-section. Yield ratio <0.55 high ductility, 0.55–0.85 moderate, >0.85 low ductility.

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2 examples

A₀=50 mm², F_max=40 kN, F_y=30 kN → σ_uts=800, σ_y=600, ratio=0.75

σ_uts = 40000/50 = 800 MPa. σ_y = 30000/50 = 600 MPa. Yield ratio = 600/800 = 0.75 (moderate ductility, typical structural steel).

{"result":"A₀=50 mm², F_max=40 kN, F_y=30 kN. σ_uts = F_max/A₀ = 800 MPa, σ_y = F_y/A₀ = 600 MPa, yield ratio = 0.7500 (moderate ductility).","metadata":{"input":{"area":50,"maxForce":40,"yieldForce":30},"result":{"tensileStrength":800,"yieldStrength":600,"yieldRatio":0.75,"ductilityClass":"moderate"}}}

A₀=12.5 mm², F_max=15 kN (no F_y) → σ_uts=1200 MPa

σ_uts = 15000/12.5 = 1200 MPa. No yield force given → σ_y and yield ratio not reported.

{"result":"A₀=12.5 mm², F_max=15 kN. σ_uts = F_max/A₀ = 1200 MPa. (No F_y given — yield strength and yield ratio not computed.)","metadata":{"input":{"area":12.5,"maxForce":15},"result":{"tensileStrength":1200,"yieldStrength":null,"yieldRatio":null,"ductilityClass":null}}}

Inputs

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4 options

SettingsAdjust formats, ranges, numbers, and modes.4

Original Cross-section Area A₀ (mm²)numberRequiredOriginal (unstressed) cross-section area of the gauge section, in mm². Engineering convention uses A₀, not the necked area.Maximum Force F_max (kN)numberRequiredMaximum force reached during the test (at onset of necking), in kN.Yield Force F_y (kN, optional)numberOptionalForce at the yield point, in kN. Optional — when omitted, only σ_uts is reported (yield ratio needs F_y).Decimal PlacesnumberOptional

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Tensile & Yield Strength Calculator

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Examples

1. Structural steel tension-test calculation

2. Tensile strength without yield data

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