What inheritance modes does this calculator support?

It supports complete dominance, incomplete dominance (blending), codominance (both alleles expressed), and X-linked (sex-linked) inheritance.

How do I input genotypes for X-linked crosses?

Use X and Y notation with superscript alleles, such as XAXa for a carrier female and XAY for a male.

Does the calculator show the sex of the offspring?

Yes, for X-linked crosses, the calculator automatically marks the sex (male or female) of each offspring cell in the grid.

How should I format the alleles input?

Enter them as comma-separated values, listing the dominant allele first (for example, A,a or A,B).

Can I display only the Punnett square grid without the ratios?

Yes, you can change the display options setting from 'Full' to 'Grid only' to hide the ratio tables.

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Mendelian Punnett Square Calculator

Build a Punnett square for a Mendelian cross and auto-calculate genotype and phenotype ratios. Supports complete dominance, incomplete dominance (blending), codominance, and X-linked (sex-linked) inheritance — with each offspring cell's sex marked for X-linked crosses.

Details

What this tool helps you do

A genetics teaching tool for Mendelian crosses:

Define the trait — name + alleles (dominant first).
Choose the mode — complete / incomplete / codominance / X-linked.
Enter the two parents' genotypes.
Get — a full Punnett grid plus genotype & phenotype ratios. X-linked cells are marked with sex.

Great for biology homework and genetics review.

Execution

Run this tool

Fill in the form, run the tool, and review the result in one place.

Prepared example runs

Click an example to fill the form automatically. File inputs still need an upload.

2 examples

Classic monohybrid: Aa × Aa (3:1 phenotype)

The textbook Mendelian monohybrid cross — heterozygous parents yield a 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa genotype ratio and 3 dominant : 1 recessive phenotype ratio.

<div class="pn-wrap"><table class="pn-grid">…2×2 Punnett square…</table><table class="pn-ratio">…1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa…</table></div>

X-linked: carrier female × affected male

A sex-linked cross (X^A X^a × X^A Y) showing how an X-linked recessive trait distributes across male and female offspring, each cell marked with sex.

<div class="pn-wrap"><table class="pn-grid">…X-linked 2×2 with ♂/♀ markers…</table></div>

Inputs

Set the required fields, then run the tool.

6 options

ContentPaste or type the main input values.4

Trait nametextRequiredAlleles (dominant first, e.g. A,a or A,B for codominance)textRequiredComma-separated alleles. First is treated as dominant in complete-dominance mode.Parent 1 genotypetextRequiredAutosomal: two alleles (Aa). X-linked: XAXa (female) or XAY (male).Parent 2 genotypetextRequiredAutosomal: two alleles (Aa). X-linked: XAXa (female) or XAY (male).

SettingsAdjust formats, ranges, numbers, and modes.2

Inheritance modeselectOptionalDisplay optionsselectOptional

Result

Ready for a run

Run the tool to preview files, text, structured data, or streamed output here.

Samples

Mendelian Punnett Square Calculator

What this tool helps you do

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Prepared example runs

Inputs

Result

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Prepared example runs

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Key facts

Overview

When to use

How it works

Use cases

Examples

1. Classic Monohybrid Cross

2. X-Linked Recessive Inheritance

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