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Grafana 高级应用示例

全面的 Grafana 示例，涵盖高级仪表板设计、告警配置、数据源集成和插件开发

案例

这个案例集合中的条目

配置复杂

高级仪表板布局设计

复杂的多行仪表板，具有动态变量、条件面板和响应式布局，用于全面系统监控

难度

8/10

预计时间

35 min

标签

dashboard, layout, variables, conditional, responsive, panels

config

{
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": "-- Grafana --",
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "editable": true,
  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": null,
  "links": [],
  "liveNow": false,
  "panels": [
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 80
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "short"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 1,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "background",
        "graphMode": "area",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "auto",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "9.0.0",
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "expr": "up{job="$service"}",
          "instant": true,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Service Status",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "custom": {
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "vis": false
            }
          },
          "mappings": []
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 12,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 2,
      "options": {
        "legend": {
          "displayMode": "list",
          "placement": "right",
          "values": []
        },
        "pieType": "pie",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "single",
          "sort": "none"
        }
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "expr": "sum by (status) (http_requests_total{job="$service"})",
          "legendFormat": "{{status}}",
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "HTTP Status Codes",
      "type": "piechart"
    },
    {
      "datasource": {
        "type": "prometheus",
        "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
      },
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "palette-classic"
          },
          "custom": {
            "axisLabel": "",
            "axisPlacement": "auto",
            "barAlignment": 0,
            "drawStyle": "line",
            "fillOpacity": 10,
            "gradientMode": "none",
            "hideFrom": {
              "legend": false,
              "tooltip": false,
              "vis": false
            },
            "lineInterpolation": "linear",
            "lineWidth": 1,
            "pointSize": 5,
            "scaleDistribution": {
              "type": "linear"
            },
            "showPoints": "never",
            "spanNulls": false,
            "stacking": {
              "group": "A",
              "mode": "none"
            },
            "thresholdsStyle": {
              "mode": "off"
            }
          },
          "mappings": [],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "reqps"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 8
      },
      "id": 3,
      "options": {
        "legend": {
          "calcs": [],
          "displayMode": "list",
          "placement": "bottom"
        },
        "tooltip": {
          "mode": "single",
          "sort": "none"
        }
      },
      "targets": [
        {
          "datasource": {
            "type": "prometheus",
            "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
          },
          "expr": "sum(rate(http_requests_total{job="$service"}[5m])) by (method, status)",
          "legendFormat": "{{method}} {{status}}",
          "refId": "A"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Request Rate",
      "type": "timeseries"
    }
  ],
  "refresh": "5s",
  "schemaVersion": 37,
  "style": "dark",
  "tags": [],
  "templating": {
    "list": [
      {
        "current": {
          "selected": false,
          "text": "All",
          "value": "$__all"
        },
        "datasource": {
          "type": "prometheus",
          "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
        },
        "definition": "label_values(http_requests_total, job)",
        "hide": 0,
        "includeAll": true,
        "label": "Service",
        "multi": true,
        "name": "service",
        "options": [],
        "query": {
          "query": "label_values(http_requests_total, job)",
          "refId": "StandardVariableQuery"
        },
        "refresh": 1,
        "regex": "",
        "skipUrlSync": false,
        "sort": 0,
        "type": "query"
      }
    ]
  },
  "time": {
    "from": "now-1h",
    "to": "now"
  },
  "timepicker": {},
  "timezone": "",
  "title": "Advanced System Monitoring Dashboard",
  "uid": "advanced-system-monitoring",
  "version": 1,
  "weekStart": ""
}

format: JSON
version: 9.x
panels: ["stat","graph","heatmap","table","gauge","progress"]
features: ["templating","annotations","variables","row-repeat"]
dataSources: ["prometheus","influxdb","elasticsearch"]

配置中等

多渠道告警配置

全面的告警设置，包含多种通知渠道、升级规则和智能告警分组

难度

6/10

预计时间

25 min

标签

alerting, notifications, escalation, slack, email, webhook, alertmanager

config

# Grafana Alerting Configuration
# Multi-channel notification rules setup

groups:
  - name: system_alerts
    rules:
      - alert: HighErrorRate
        expr: rate(http_requests_total{status=~"5.."}[5m]) / rate(http_requests_total[5m]) > 0.05
        for: 2m
        labels:
          severity: warning
          team: backend
        annotations:
          summary: "High error rate detected"
          description: "Error rate is {{ $value | humanizePercentage }} for {{ $labels.job }}"

receivers:
  - name: slack
    slack_configs:
      - api_url: "https://hooks.slack.com/services/YOUR/SLACK/WEBHOOK"
        channel: "#alerts"
        send_resolved: true

  - name: email
    email_configs:
      - to: "[email protected]"
        from: "[email protected]"
        subject: "Grafana Alert: {{ .GroupLabels.alertname }}"

  - name: webhook
    webhook_configs:
      - url: "http://alertmanager.example.com/api/v1/alerts"
        send_resolved: true

format: YAML
version: 9.x
channels: ["slack","email","webhook","discord","teams"]
features: ["escalation","grouping","silencing","inhibition"]
alertTypes: ["threshold","no-data","error","anomaly"]

配置中等

Prometheus 数据源集成

高级 Prometheus 集成，包含复杂查询、记录规则和大规模监控的联邦设置

难度

7/10

预计时间

20 min

标签

prometheus, datasource, queries, recording-rules, federation

config

# Prometheus Data Source Configuration
apiVersion: 1

datasources:
  - name: Prometheus
    type: prometheus
    access: proxy
    url: http://prometheus:9090
    isDefault: true
    editable: true
    jsonData:
      timeInterval: "5s"
      queryTimeout: "60s"
      httpMethod: POST

# Recording Rules Example
groups:
  - name: grafana.rules
    rules:
      - record: instance:node_cpu:rate5m
        expr: 100 - (avg by (instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[5m])) * 100)

      - record: instance:node_memory_usage:percentage
        expr: (1 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes)) * 100

      - record: job:node_memory_bytes_available:percentage
        expr: (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes) * 100

format: YAML
version: 9.x
features: ["query-complexity","recording-rules","federation","remote-read"]
functions: ["rate","increase","histogram_quantile","aggregation"]
optimizations: ["query-caching","time-series-compression"]

代码复杂

自定义面板插件开发

完整的 Grafana 面板插件实现，使用 React、TypeScript 和高级数据可视化功能

难度

9/10

预计时间

45 min

标签

plugin, development, react, typescript, visualization, custom-component

plaintext

# Sample Grafana Configuration
# Basic example for demonstration purposes

version: "9.0.0"

# Example query
query: rate(http_requests_total[5m])

# Example dashboard variables
variables:
  - name: service
    type: query
    datasource: Prometheus
    query: label_values(http_requests_total, job)

format: TypeScript/React
framework: React
dependencies: ["@grafana/data","@grafana/ui","@types/react"]
features: ["data-streaming","interactive","responsive","theming"]
build: webpack
test: jest

配置复杂

仪表板即代码自动化

使用 Terraform 和自动化部署管道管理 Grafana 仪表板的基础设施即代码方法

难度

8/10

预计时间

30 min

标签

infrastructure-as-code, terraform, automation, deployment, version-control

config

# Sample Grafana Configuration
# Basic example for demonstration purposes

version: "9.0.0"

# Example query
query: rate(http_requests_total[5m])

# Example dashboard variables
variables:
  - name: service
    type: query
    datasource: Prometheus
    query: label_values(http_requests_total, job)

format: HCL
tool: Terraform
version: >=1.0
providers: ["grafana","prometheus"]
features: ["state-management","modular","reusable","validated"]

配置复杂

多数据源关联分析

高级仪表板，展示不同数据源之间的关联，包含时间序列对齐和跨源分析

难度

8/10

预计时间

30 min

标签

correlation, multi-datasource, time-series, analytics, cross-source

config

# Sample Grafana Configuration
# Basic example for demonstration purposes

version: "9.0.0"

# Example query
query: rate(http_requests_total[5m])

# Example dashboard variables
variables:
  - name: service
    type: query
    datasource: Prometheus
    query: label_values(http_requests_total, job)

format: JSON
version: 9.x
dataSources: ["prometheus","influxdb","elasticsearch","loki","postgresql"]
features: ["data-transformation","join-queries","time-alignment","correlation-analysis"]
visualizations: ["scatter-plot","correlation-matrix","heatmaps"]

工具

Grafana 高级应用示例

这个案例集合中的条目

高级仪表板布局设计

多渠道告警配置

Prometheus 数据源集成

自定义面板插件开发

仪表板即代码自动化

多数据源关联分析

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