Google Cloud Platform 示例

# Google Cloud Functions HTTP Trigger Example
# Python - main.py + requirements.txt

# main.py
import functions_framework
import json
import os
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1
from datetime import datetime

# Initialize Pub/Sub publisher
publisher = pubsub_v1.PublisherClient()

@functions_framework.http
def hello_http(request):
    """HTTP Cloud Function for handling API requests."""

    # Handle CORS preflight requests
    if request.method == 'OPTIONS':
        # Allows GET, POST, PUT, DELETE requests from any origin with any headers
        headers = {
            'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
            'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS',
            'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'Content-Type, Authorization',
            'Access-Control-Max-Age': '3600'
        }
        return ('', 204, headers)

    # Set CORS headers for main requests
    headers = {
        'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
    }

    try:
        # Get request data
        request_json = request.get_json(silent=True)
        request_args = request.args

        # Extract name from request
        if request_json and 'name' in request_json:
            name = request_json['name']
        elif request_args and 'name' in request_args:
            name = request_args['name']
        else:
            name = 'World'

        # Log the request
        print(f"Request received from: {request.remote_addr}")
        print(f"Request method: {request.method}")
        print(f"Request data: {request_json}")

        # Create response message
        response_data = {
            'message': f'Hello, {name}! This is a Google Cloud Function.',
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'function_name': os.environ.get('FUNCTION_NAME', 'hello_http'),
            'version': os.environ.get('FUNCTION_VERSION', 'v1'),
            'request_id': request.headers.get('X-Cloud-Trace-Context', 'unknown')
        }

        # Publish message to Pub/Sub (optional)
        if request_json and 'publish' in request_json and request_json['publish']:
            topic_path = publisher.topic_path(
                os.environ.get('GCP_PROJECT', 'your-project'),
                'function-events'
            )

            message_data = json.dumps({
                'event': 'http_request',
                'name': name,
                'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat()
            }).encode('utf-8')

            future = publisher.publish(topic_path, message_data)
            response_data['message_id'] = future.result()

        return (jsonify(response_data), 200, headers)

    except Exception as e:
        error_response = {
            'error': 'Internal server error',
            'message': str(e),
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        return (jsonify(error_response), 500, headers)

# requirements.txt
"""
functions-framework==3.*
flask==2.*
google-cloud-pubsub==2.*
google-cloud-storage==2.*
google-cloud-firestore==2.*
cryptography==41.*
"""

// Google Cloud Firestore CRUD Operations
// Node.js - package.json + functions/package.json + index.js

// package.json (project root)
{
  "name": "firestore-crud-functions",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Firestore CRUD operations with Cloud Functions",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node index.js",
    "deploy": "gcloud functions deploy"
  }
}

// functions/package.json
{
  "name": "functions",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "dependencies": {
    "@google-cloud/firestore": "^6.0.0",
    "@google-cloud/functions": "^3.0.0",
    "express": "^4.18.0"
  }
}

// functions/index.js
const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const express = require('express');

// Initialize Firebase Admin SDK
admin.initializeApp({
  credential: admin.credential.applicationDefault(),
  projectId: process.env.GCLOUD_PROJECT || 'your-project-id'
});

const db = admin.firestore();
const app = express();
app.use(express.json());

// Middleware to set CORS headers
app.use((req, res, next) => {
  res.header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
  res.header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS');
  res.header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type, Authorization');

  if (req.method === 'OPTIONS') {
    res.sendStatus(204);
  } else {
    next();
  }
});

// CREATE - Add new document
functions.http('createUser', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const { email, name, role = 'user', ...additionalData } = req.body;

    if (!email || !name) {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: 'Email and name are required',
        message: 'Please provide both email and name fields'
      });
    }

    // Check if user already exists
    const existingUser = await db.collection('users').where('email', '==', email).get();

    if (!existingUser.empty) {
      return res.status(409).json({
        error: 'User already exists',
        message: 'A user with this email already exists'
      });
    }

    // Create new user document
    const userDoc = {
      email,
      name,
      role,
      createdAt: admin.firestore.FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
      updatedAt: admin.firestore.FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
      status: 'active',
      ...additionalData
    };

    const userRef = await db.collection('users').add(userDoc);

    // Return created user with ID
    const createdUser = await userRef.get();

    res.status(201).json({
      success: true,
      message: 'User created successfully',
      data: {
        id: createdUser.id,
        ...createdUser.data()
      }
    });

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error creating user:', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: 'Failed to create user',
      message: error.message
    });
  }
});

// READ - Get single document
functions.http('getUser', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const { userId } = req.params;

    if (!userId) {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: 'User ID is required',
        message: 'Please provide userId parameter'
      });
    }

    const userDoc = await db.collection('users').doc(userId).get();

    if (!userDoc.exists) {
      return res.status(404).json({
        error: 'User not found',
        message: 'No user found with the provided ID'
      });
    }

    res.status(200).json({
      success: true,
      data: {
        id: userDoc.id,
        ...userDoc.data()
      }
    });

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error getting user:', error);
    res.status(500).json({
      error: 'Failed to get user',
      message: error.message
    });
  }
});

# Google Cloud Storage Integration
# Python - main.py + requirements.txt

import os
import functions_framework
import tempfile
import uuid
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from google.cloud import storage
from google.cloud.exceptions import GoogleCloudError
import magic
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename

# Initialize Cloud Storage client
storage_client = storage.Client()

# Allowed file types and max size
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = {'txt', 'pdf', 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif', 'csv', 'docx', 'xlsx'}
MAX_FILE_SIZE = 10 * 1024 * 1024  # 10MB

def allowed_file(filename):
    """Check if file extension is allowed."""
    return '.' in filename and filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS

def get_file_type(file_path):
    """Detect file type using python-magic."""
    try:
        return magic.from_file(file_path, mime=True)
    except:
        return 'application/octet-stream'

@functions_framework.http
def upload_file(request):
    """Upload file to Google Cloud Storage."""

    if request.method != 'POST':
        return {'error': 'Only POST method allowed'}, 405

    try:
        # Get file from request
        if 'file' not in request.files:
            return {'error': 'No file provided'}, 400

        file = request.files['file']
        if file.filename == '':
            return {'error': 'No file selected'}, 400

        # Validate file
        if not allowed_file(file.filename):
            return {'error': 'File type not allowed'}, 400

        # Read file content
        file_content = file.read()

        # Check file size
        if len(file_content) > MAX_FILE_SIZE:
            return {'error': 'File too large (max 10MB)'}, 413

        # Generate unique filename
        filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
        unique_filename = f"{uuid.uuid4()}_{filename}"

        # Get bucket name from environment or use default
        bucket_name = os.environ.get('STORAGE_BUCKET', 'your-bucket-name')
        bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name)

        # Create temporary file to detect MIME type
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False) as temp_file:
            temp_file.write(file_content)
            temp_file.flush()

            # Detect file type
            content_type = get_file_type(temp_file.name)

            # Get file metadata
            file_size = len(file_content)

        # Clean up temp file
        os.unlink(temp_file.name)

        # Upload to Cloud Storage
        blob = bucket.blob(unique_filename)
        blob.upload_from_string(
            file_content,
            content_type=content_type
        )

        # Set metadata and make public if needed
        blob.metadata = {
            'original_filename': filename,
            'upload_time': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'uploaded_by': 'cloud_function',
            'file_size': str(file_size)
        }

        # Generate signed URL (valid for 1 hour)
        signed_url = blob.generate_signed_url(
            version="v4",
            expiration=datetime.now() + timedelta(hours=1),
            method="GET"
        )

        return {
            'success': True,
            'message': 'File uploaded successfully',
            'data': {
                'file_id': unique_filename,
                'original_filename': filename,
                'file_size': file_size,
                'content_type': content_type,
                'signed_url': signed_url,
                'public_url': blob.public_url if hasattr(blob, 'public_url') else None,
                'gs_uri': f"gs://{bucket_name}/{unique_filename}"
            }
        }, 200

    except GoogleCloudError as e:
        print(f"Google Cloud error: {e}")
        return {
            'error': 'Failed to upload file to Cloud Storage',
            'message': str(e)
        }, 500
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Unexpected error: {e}")
        return {
            'error': 'Internal server error',
            'message': str(e)
        }, 500

# requirements.txt
"""
functions-framework==3.*
google-cloud-storage==2.*
python-magic==0.4.*
werkzeug==2.*
"""

# Google Cloud Run Container Example
# Multi-language container with API service

# Dockerfile
FROM python:3.11-slim

# Set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
ENV PORT=8080

# Set work directory
WORKDIR /app

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    gcc \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install Python dependencies
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Copy application code
COPY . .

# Create non-root user
RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos '' appuser
RUN chown -R appuser:appuser /app
USER appuser

# Expose port
EXPOSE 8080

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
    CMD curl -f http://localhost:8080/health || exit 1

# Run the application
CMD ["gunicorn", "--bind", "0.0.0.0:8080", "--workers", "1", "--timeout", "0", "--preload", "app:app"]

# requirements.txt
"""
Flask==2.3.*
gunicorn==21.*
google-cloud-logging==3.*
google-cloud-monitoring==2.*
google-cloud-trace==1.*
google-cloud-pubsub==2.*
redis==4.*
sqlalchemy==2.*
cryptography==41.*
python-jose==3.*
passlib==1.*
pydantic==2.*
"""

# app.py
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import logging
import os
import uuid
import time
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import google.cloud.logging
import redis
from prometheus_client import Counter, Histogram, generate_latest, CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST

# Initialize Flask app
app = Flask(__name__)

# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Cloud Logging client
try:
    cloud_logging_client = google.cloud.logging.Client()
    cloud_logging_client.setup_logging()
    logger.info("Cloud Logging initialized")
except Exception as e:
    logger.warning(f"Cloud Logging not available: {e}")

# Prometheus metrics
REQUEST_COUNT = Counter('http_requests_total', 'Total HTTP requests', ['method', 'endpoint', 'status'])
REQUEST_DURATION = Histogram('http_request_duration_seconds', 'HTTP request duration')
CLOUD_RUN_REVISION = os.environ.get('K_REVISION', 'unknown')

# Redis connection for caching
try:
    redis_client = redis.Redis(
        host=os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', 'localhost'),
        port=int(os.environ.get('REDIS_PORT', 6379)),
        decode_responses=True
    )
    redis_client.ping()
    logger.info("Redis connection established")
except Exception as e:
    logger.warning(f"Redis not available: {e}")
    redis_client = None

@app.route('/health', methods=['GET'])
def health_check():
    """Health check endpoint for Cloud Run."""
    health_status = {
        'status': 'healthy',
        'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
        'revision': CLOUD_RUN_REVISION,
        'version': '1.0.0'
    }

    # Check Redis connection
    if redis_client:
        try:
            redis_client.ping()
            health_status['redis'] = 'connected'
        except Exception as e:
            health_status['redis'] = 'disconnected'
            health_status['status'] = 'degraded'
    else:
        health_status['redis'] = 'not_configured'

    return jsonify(health_status), 200

@app.route('/metrics', methods=['GET'])
def metrics():
    """Prometheus metrics endpoint."""
    return generate_latest(), 200, {'Content-Type': CONTENT_TYPE_LATEST}

@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def hello_world():
    """Hello world endpoint."""
    trace_id = request.headers.get('X-Cloud-Trace-Context', 'unknown')

    response_data = {
        'message': 'Hello from Cloud Run!',
        'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
        'trace_id': trace_id,
        'instance_id': os.environ.get('K_CONFIGURATION', 'unknown'),
        'revision': CLOUD_RUN_REVISION,
        'pod_name': os.environ.get('HOSTNAME', 'unknown')
    }

    logger.info(f"Hello request from {request.remote_addr}")

    return jsonify(response_data)

@app.route('/api/data', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def handle_data():
    """Data processing endpoint."""
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return handle_get_data()
    else:
        return handle_post_data()

def handle_get_data():
    """Get data with caching."""
    try:
        # Simulate database query
        data = {
            'items': [
                {'id': 1, 'name': 'Item 1', 'value': 'Value 1'},
                {'id': 2, 'name': 'Item 2', 'value': 'Value 2'},
                {'id': 3, 'name': 'Item 3', 'value': 'Value 3'}
            ],
            'total': 3,
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'cached': redis_client is not None
        }

        logger.info(f"Retrieved {len(data['items'])} items")

        return jsonify(data), 200

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"Error getting data: {e}")
        return jsonify({'error': 'Internal server error'}), 500

def handle_post_data():
    """Create new data."""
    try:
        data = request.get_json()

        if not data or 'item' not in data:
            return jsonify({'error': 'item field is required'}), 400

        # Simulate data creation
        new_item = {
            'id': uuid.uuid4().hex[:8],
            'name': data['item'].get('name', 'Unknown'),
            'value': data['item'].get('value', ''),
            'created_at': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'created_by': 'cloud_run_app'
        }

        # Invalidate cache
        if redis_client:
            redis_client.flushdb()
            logger.info("Cache invalidated after data creation")

        logger.info(f"Created new item: {new_item['id']}")

        return jsonify({
            'success': True,
            'message': 'Item created successfully',
            'item': new_item
        }), 201

    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"Error creating data: {e}")
        return jsonify({'error': 'Internal server error'}), 500

# cloudbuild.yaml for automated deployment
steps:
  # Build the container image
  - name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
    args: ['build', '-t', 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-cloud-run-app:$BUILD_ID', '.']

  # Push the container image to Container Registry
  - name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
    args: ['push', 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-cloud-run-app:$BUILD_ID']

  # Deploy container image to Cloud Run
  - name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/gcloud'
    args: [
      'run', 'deploy', 'my-cloud-run-app',
      '--image', 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-cloud-run-app:$BUILD_ID',
      '--region', 'us-central1',
      '--platform', 'managed',
      '--allow-unauthenticated',
      '--max-instances', '100',
      '--min-instances', '0',
      '--memory', '256Mi',
      '--cpu', '1',
      '--timeout', '60s',
      '--concurrency', '10'
    ]
images:
  - 'gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/my-cloud-run-app:$BUILD_ID'