Pascal's Law

Input Pressure: 0.00 Pa

Output Force: 0.00 N

Force Multiplier: 1.00x

Pascal's Law Formulas

F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂

P = F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂

F₂ = F₁ × (A₂/A₁)

W₁ = F₁×d₁ = F₂×d₂ = W₂

Real-time Calculations

Input Force 0 N

Input Piston Area 0.01 m²

Output Piston Area 0.10 m²

Input Pressure 0 Pa

Output Force 0 N

Input Displacement 0.00 m

Output Displacement 0.00 m

Input Work 0.00 J

Output Work 0.00 J

Efficiency 100.0%

Parameters

Input Force: 100 N

Input Piston Area: 0.01 m²

Output Piston Area: 0.1 m²

Pressure Transmission Principle

Pascal's law states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished to every part of the fluid and the walls of the container. This means a small force on a small piston can generate a large force on a large piston.

Real-World Applications

Hydraulic Press

Used in auto repair shops, metal forming, etc., uses small force to generate enormous pressure for crushing or forming objects

Hydraulic Brake Systems

Car brake systems use hydraulic principles to amplify foot pressure into clamping force on brake pads

Hydraulic Lift

Used to lift heavy objects, like car lifts, forklifts, etc., uses small force to lift large weights

Excavator Hydraulic Arm

Excavator arms use hydraulic systems to control various movements, powerful and precise

Advantages of Hydraulic Systems

Force multiplication: Small force can control large force

Flexible transmission: Fluid can transmit force around obstacles

Smooth motion: Fluid is incompressible, motion is smooth

Overload protection: Safety valve opens when pressure is too high

Limitations

Reduced displacement: Displacement decreases proportionally as force increases

Energy conservation: Output work never exceeds input work

Friction losses: Actual efficiency is less than 100%

Fluid leakage: Poor sealing causes pressure drop