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Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) Calculator

Written by the Elysia Tools team · Last updated：2026-08-08

This tool is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical, financial, or legal advice; consult a qualified professional for advice.

Calculate Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) = Serum Iron / TIBC × 100% (matching units, µg/dL or µmol/L). Reference range ≈ 20–50% in men and 15–50% in women. TSAT < 20% (or < 15% in premenopausal women) indicates iron deficiency (iron-deficiency anemia from chronic blood loss, inadequate intake, malabsorption), and is highly specific when ferritin is also low. TSAT > 50% (> 45% premenopausal) indicates iron overload or ineffective erythropoiesis: hereditary hemochromatosis, thalassemia major, sideroblastic anemia, repeated transfusions, or excessive iron therapy. Note serum iron has diurnal variation (morning high, evening low) and is shifted by recent iron ingestion, infection/inflammation, and hepatic disease — interpret with ferritin and CRP. Derived from Camaschella Blood 2019, Guyatt 1992, and MDCalc. Not medical advice.

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Tool usage guide

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Key facts

Category
Health
Input types
number
Output type
json
Sample coverage
4
API ready
Yes

Overview

The Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) Calculator estimates iron saturation as Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100%. Enter serum iron and TIBC in matching units, such as µg/dL or µmol/L, to receive a percentage and a categorized result.

When to use

  • Estimate TSAT when evaluating possible iron deficiency or iron overload.

© 2026 Elysia Tools. All rights reserved.

Review iron-study results alongside ferritin and CRP in a clinical assessment.
  • Quickly calculate TSAT from serum iron and TIBC without manual arithmetic.

    • How it works

    1. 1Enter the serum iron value.
    2. 2Enter TIBC using the same unit as serum iron: µg/dL or µmol/L.
    3. 3Choose the number of decimal places, if needed.
    4. 4The calculator applies Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100% and returns the TSAT percentage with a category.

    Use cases

    • Checking whether an iron panel suggests possible iron deficiency.
    • Screening iron-study results for a pattern that may indicate iron overload.
    • Teaching or reviewing the relationship between serum iron, TIBC, and TSAT.

    Examples

    1. Low TSAT in a possible iron-deficiency pattern

    Clinician or medical student

    Background

    A laboratory panel shows serum iron of 30 µg/dL and TIBC of 420 µg/dL.

    Problem

    Calculate the transferrin saturation and identify whether it falls below the usual low-TSAT threshold.

    How to use

    Enter 30 for Serum Iron, 420 for TIBC, and select 1 decimal place.

    Serum Iron: 30 µg/dL; TIBC: 420 µg/dL; Decimal Places: 1

    Outcome

    The result is TSAT = 7.1%, categorized as Low TSAT — iron deficiency. Confirm interpretation with ferritin and clinical context.

    2. High TSAT in a possible iron-overload pattern

    Healthcare professional

    Background

    A patient has serum iron of 190 µg/dL and TIBC of 260 µg/dL in the same unit.

    Problem

    Quantify the elevated TSAT for further clinical review.

    How to use

    Enter 190 for Serum Iron, 260 for TIBC, and select 1 decimal place.

    Serum Iron: 190 µg/dL; TIBC: 260 µg/dL; Decimal Places: 1

    Outcome

    The result is TSAT = 73.1%, categorized as High TSAT — iron overload or ineffective erythropoiesis. Further interpretation may include ferritin and other clinical tests.

    FAQ

    What is the TSAT formula?

    TSAT = Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100%.

    Which units can I use?

    Use matching units for both values, such as µg/dL or µmol/L.

    What does a low TSAT mean?

    TSAT below about 20% may support iron deficiency; interpretation should include ferritin and other clinical findings.

    What does a high TSAT mean?

    TSAT above about 50% may suggest iron overload or ineffective erythropoiesis and requires clinical evaluation.

    Is this calculator medical advice?

    No. TSAT can be affected by timing, recent iron intake, inflammation, infection, and liver disease, so discuss results with a qualified clinician.

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