Does this calculator account for air resistance?

No, it calculates ideal projectile motion under uniform gravity without air resistance.

What launch angle yields the maximum range?

When launching from ground level (initial height is zero), a 45-degree angle yields the maximum range.

Can I calculate projectile motion on other planets?

Yes, you can customize the gravity field, such as entering 1.62 m/s² for the Moon or 3.71 m/s² for Mars.

How does initial height affect the flight time and range?

A higher initial height increases both the flight time and the horizontal range because the projectile takes longer to fall to the ground.

What units are used for the inputs and outputs?

Velocity is in meters per second (m/s), angle in degrees (°), gravity in m/s², height in meters (m), and range in meters (m).

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Projectile Motion Calculator (Range, Height, Time)

Compute range, max height, flight time, and the full trajectory of a projectile given speed, angle, and optional initial height

Details

What this tool helps you do

Projectile motion is motion under gravity alone (no air resistance, uniform gravity).

Inputs: initial velocity v₀, launch angle θ, gravity g (default 9.80665), initial height h₀ (default 0).

Horizontal velocity: vx = v₀·cos(θ) (constant)
Vertical velocity: vy₀ = v₀·sin(θ)
Max height: H = h₀ + vy₀²/(2g)
Flight time: t = (vy₀ + √(vy₀² + 2g·h₀))/g
Range: R = vx · t

When h₀ = 0, max range occurs at 45°.

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Projectile Motion Calculator (Range, Height, Time)

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