What units do the inputs use?

Category footprints are in global hectares (gha) per person per year. Population is people; total biocapacity is gha per year. A global hectare is a hectare of world-average biological productivity.

How is the number of Earths calculated?

Total footprint (per-capita sum times population) is divided by available biocapacity after any wild-species reserve.

What is Earth Overshoot Day in this tool?

The day of the year when cumulative demand would use up that year’s available biocapacity. After that date, demand draws down natural capital. A result of day 365 means demand stays within one year of biocapacity.

What does the wild-species reserve do?

The percentage you enter is taken off total biocapacity before Earths, deficit, and Overshoot Day are computed, so less land is treated as available to people.

What do the defaults represent?

Rough world-average shares: 0.9 + 0.7 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.2 = 2.6 gha/person, 8 billion people, and 12 billion gha of biocapacity (about 1.73 Earths and Overshoot Day around 29 July when reserve is 0%).

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Ecological Footprint & Biocapacity (Earth Overshoot Day)

Balance per-capita consumption categories against biocapacity: Earths demanded, surplus/deficit, and Earth Overshoot Day.

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2 examples

World-average profile → 2.6 gha/person, 1.73 Earths, overshoot Jul 29

The default world-average profile: food 0.9 + housing 0.7 + mobility 0.5 + goods 0.3 + services 0.2 = 2.6 gha/person. For 8 billion people that is 20.8 billion gha/yr against 12 billion gha of biocapacity — 1.73 Earths, a 42.31% overshoot, and Earth Overshoot Day on day 210 (Jul 29): from then on, humanity draws down nature's capital.

{"result":"Footprint 2.6 gha/person (total 20.8 billion gha/yr) vs biocapacity 12 billion gha/yr (1.5 gha/person). Demand = 1.73 Earths → ecological deficit of 8.8 billion gha/yr (42.31% overshoot). Earth Overshoot Day: day 210 ≈ Jul 29.","metadata":{"footprintPerCapita":2.6,"totalFootprint":20800000000,"biocapacityPerCapita":1.5,"earths":1.7333,"overshootDay":210}}

Low-footprint lifestyle with 10% wild reserve → 1.11 Earths, overshoot Nov 24

A modest lifestyle (0.6 + 0.45 + 0.15 + 0.15 + 0.15 = 1.5 gha/person) for 8 billion people would exactly match Earth's 12 billion gha — one planet, overshoot on Dec 31. But reserving 10% of biocapacity for wild species drops what's available to humans to 10.8 billion gha: demand rises to 1.11 Earths and Overshoot Day moves up to Nov 24 — sharing with other species is not free.

{"result":"Footprint 1.5 gha/person (total 12 billion gha/yr) vs available biocapacity 10.8 billion gha/yr (1.35 gha/person after 10% wild reserve). Demand = 1.11 Earths → ecological deficit of 1.2 billion gha/yr (10% overshoot). Earth Overshoot Day: day 328 ≈ Nov 24.","metadata":{"footprintPerCapita":1.5,"biocapacityPerCapita":1.35,"earths":1.1111,"overshootDay":328}}

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8 options

SettingsAdjust formats, ranges, numbers, and modes.8

Food footprint (gha/person/yr)numberRequiredCropland, grazing, and fishing grounds embodied in your diet.Housing footprint (gha/person/yr)numberRequiredBuilt-up land plus the energy and forest products behind your home.Mobility footprint (gha/person/yr)numberRequiredRoads, vehicles, and fuel for your transport.Goods footprint (gha/person/yr)numberRequiredConsumables, appliances, clothing — the forest and energy they embody.Services footprint (gha/person/yr)numberRequiredGovernment, health, education, and other service infrastructure.Population (people)numberRequiredPopulation sharing this footprint profile — the world, a country, or a city.Total biocapacity (gha/yr)numberRequiredProductive biocapacity of the region (Earth total ≈ 12 billion gha/yr).Biocapacity reserved for wild species (%)numberRequiredShare of biocapacity taken off the human ledger for other species (Half-Earth would use 50).

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Ecological Footprint & Biocapacity (Earth Overshoot Day)

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1. World-average profile versus Earth’s biocapacity

2. Modest lifestyle with a 10% wild-species reserve

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