Física
Explora los principios de la física a través de simulaciones interactivas
103 visualizations
Scanning Tunneling Microscope - 扫描隧道显微镜
Interactive visualization of Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) demonstrating quantum tunneling and atomic-resolution imaging. Features the fundamental equations: tunneling current I ∝ V·ρ_s(E_F)·ρ_t(E_F)·e^(-2κd) where V is bias voltage, ρ are density of states at Fermi level, κ = √(2mφ/ħ²) is decay constant (~10 nm⁻¹), d is tip-sample distance; transmission probability T ≈ e^(-2κd); constant current mode: feedback adjusts z(x,y) to maintain fixed I, mapping surface topography; constant height mode: fixed z, I(x,y) maps local density of states; spectroscopy: dI/dV ∝ ρ_s(E_F + eV) probes electronic structure. Real-time visualization includes: (1) STM setup animation showing metallic tip (W, Pt-Ir with work function 4.26-5.30 eV) positioned above conductive sample surface with atomic lattice visualization, animated electron tunneling events with exponential decay visualization, piezoelectric scanner controls; (2) Quantum tunneling display showing potential energy diagram with tip/sample energy levels, vacuum barrier (work function φ), wavefunction decay ψ(z) ∝ e^(-κz), transmission probability calculation with real-time κ display; (3) Raster scan pattern visualization showing serpentine scan path, current position marker, scan progress, scan size (1-50 nm) and speed (10-200 lines/s) controls; (4) Atomic-resolution image generation with multiple surface options (graphene hexagonal lattice, Si(111) 7×7 reconstruction, Au(111) herringbone pattern, Cu(111) surface), color-coded height mapping with Ångström scale bar, real-time image buildup during scanning. Interactive parameters: operation mode (constant current/constant height/spectroscopy), bias voltage (-3.0 to +3.0 V), setpoint current (0.1-10.0 nA), feedback gain (1.0-20.0), scan speed (10-200 lines/s), scan size (1-50 nm), tip material (W φ=4.55 eV, Pt-Ir φ=5.30 eV, Au φ=5.10 eV, Ag φ=4.26 eV), tip radius (1-50 nm). Display options: show/hide electron tunneling animation, feedback loop indicators, wavefunction decay curves, atomic scale grid. Presets include: Atomic Resolution (high gain, slow scan), Spectroscopy (low current, high voltage), Large Area Scan (fast speed), Fast Imaging. Educational content covers working principle (quantum tunneling, exponential current-distance dependence I ∝ e^(-2κd), atomic resolution mechanism: ~0.1 nm lateral, ~0.01 nm vertical), instrument design (sharp tip preparation, piezoelectric scanners, vibration isolation, UHV requirements), operation modes (constant current for topography, constant height for LDOS, STS for electronic structure), spectroscopy applications (dI/dV mapping, I-z curves measuring work function, identifying defects, molecular orbitals, superconducting gap, Kondo resonance), historical milestones (1981 Binnig & Rohrer invention, 1983 Si(111) 7×7 imaging, 1989 Eigler's "IBM" atomic manipulation, 1993 quantum corral, graphene characterization, Majorana fermion detection), and applications (surface science, 2D materials, molecular manipulation, superconductivity, catalysis, biological imaging). Nobel Prize: Binnig & Rohrer 1986. Multi-language support (zh, en, de, fr, es, pt, ru).
Stern-Gerlach Experiment - 斯特恩-盖拉赫实验
Interactive visualization of the Stern-Gerlach experiment demonstrating quantum spin and spatial quantization. Features the fundamental equations: magnetic moment μ = g·μ_B·m_s where g ≈ 2 for electrons, μ_B = 9.274×10⁻²⁴ J/T (Bohr magneton), and m_s = ±½ (spin quantum number); deflection force F = μ·(dB/dz) = μ_B·(dB/dz)·m_s; beam deflection z = (μ_B·L·ℓ)/(m·v²)·(dB/dz)·m_s; beam separation Δz = 2·(μ_B·L·ℓ)/(m·v²)·(dB/dz). Real-time visualization includes: (1) Experimental setup animation showing high-temperature oven (500-1500 K) vaporizing silver atoms, collimator creating narrow beam, inhomogeneous magnet with sharp pole piece creating field gradient, animated silver atoms with spin indicators (↑ red for spin up, ↓ blue for spin down) splitting into two discrete paths, detection screen showing two silver deposition spots; (2) Inhomogeneous magnetic field visualization showing field lines with gradient spacing dB/dz (0.1-3.0 T/cm), gradient indicator curve, field strength display; (3) Detection screen simulation showing quantum result (two discrete spots for m_s = +½ and m_s = -½) with spot size varying by temperature, classical comparison option showing continuous band; (4) Classical vs Quantum theory comparison panel showing classical prediction (continuous distribution of all possible orientations) vs quantum reality (two discrete outcomes). Interactive parameters: magnetic field gradient (0.1-3.0 T/cm), magnet length (1.0-10.0 cm), magnet gap (0.5-3.0 mm), oven temperature (500-1500 K), beam velocity (200-1000 m/s), collimator width (0.01-0.2 mm). Display options: show/hide magnetic field lines, silver atoms, beam trajectories, magnet structure, classical comparison overlay. Presets include: Original 1922 Experiment (historical parameters), Strong Field (enhanced separation), Thermal Beam (high velocity), Classical vs Quantum (comparison mode). Educational content covers experimental setup details (silver-47 atom with single unpaired electron, magnet design with sharp edge for field gradient, detection method using silver deposition on glass), key results (classical expectation of continuous band vs quantum observation of two discrete beams, spatial quantization proof, 50-50 split showing random initial spin orientations), discovery of electron spin (Uhlenbeck & Goudsmit 1925, s = ½, explains why 47Ag behaves as spin-½ particle), historical significance (first direct evidence of space quantization, validation of quantum mechanics, Otto Stern 1943 Nobel Prize), and modern applications (spin-polarized atomic beams, magnetic resonance NMR/MRI, atomic clocks, quantum computing qubits, particle physics measurements, spintronics). Multi-language support (zh, en, de, fr, es, pt, ru).
Transformer Principle - 变压器原理
Interactive visualization of transformer principle demonstrating electromagnetic induction and voltage transformation. Features the fundamental transformer equations: V₁/V₂ = N₁/N₂ (voltage ratio equals turns ratio), I₁/I₂ = N₂/N₁ (current inverse ratio), ideal power conservation P_in = P_out, efficiency η = P_out/P_in × 100%, and losses including copper loss P_cu = I₁²R₁ + I₂²R₂ and iron loss P_fe = P_hysteresis + P_eddy. Real-time visualization includes: (1) Transformer model animation showing rectangular magnetic core with primary coil (red, left side) and secondary coil (green, right side) with actual winding visualizations scaled to turn counts (10-500 turns each), animated magnetic flux lines circulating in the core showing Φ(t) = Φ_max × sin(ωt), current flow indicators with intensity proportional to actual current values; (2) Magnetic flux display with phase angle indicator and flux density calculation showing real-time flux changes; (3) Voltage waveforms displaying primary V₁(t) and secondary V₂(t) sine waves with proper amplitude ratios and phase relationships; (4) Power analysis bar charts comparing input power, output power, and total losses with real-time efficiency calculation; (5) Losses breakdown showing copper loss (primary and secondary I²R heating) and iron loss (hysteresis + eddy current) with visual heating indicators on coils and core. Interactive parameters: primary turns N₁ (10-500), secondary turns N₂ (10-500), input voltage V₁ (0-240 V RMS), frequency (50/60 Hz), load resistance R_L (1-1000 Ω), winding resistances R₁ and R₂ (0.1-5.0 Ω), core material selection (Silicon Steel μ_r=5000, Nickel-Iron μ_r=20000, Ferrite μ_r=2000, Amorphous Metal μ_r=10000) affecting permeability and losses. Display options: show/hide magnetic flux lines, coil current flow, electron flow, losses visualization. Presets include: Step-Up Transformer (N₂ > N₁), Step-Down Transformer (N₂ < N₁), Isolation Transformer (N₁ = N₂), Distribution Transformer (high ratio, practical values). Educational content covers transformer working principle (electromagnetic induction, Faraday's law, turns ratio determination, power conservation), types of losses (copper/I²R loss varying with load, iron/core loss nearly constant, stray loss from leakage flux, dielectric loss), applications (power transmission step-up/step-down, voltage conversion for compatibility, impedance matching in audio/RF circuits, isolation for safety, measurement transformers, electronic power supplies), and efficiency analysis (typical 95-99%, losses minimized by low-resistance windings, laminated cores, high-grade materials, optimal cooling). Multi-language support (zh, en, de, fr, es, pt, ru).
Photoelectric Effect - 光电效应
Interactive visualization of the photoelectric effect demonstrating the quantum nature of light. Features the fundamental photoelectric equation: E_kinetic = hf - φ, where E_kinetic is the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons, h is Planck's constant (4.135667696×10⁻¹⁵ eV·s), f is the light frequency, and φ is the work function of the material. Real-time visualization includes: (1) Experimental setup animation showing metal plate (cathode), collector plate (anode), light source, and voltmeter with animated incident photons and emitted electrons whose speed varies with kinetic energy; (2) Light spectrum display (300-1000 THz) with color-coded regions (UV, violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red, IR) showing current frequency marker and threshold frequency f₀ = φ/h; (3) I-V characteristic curve showing photocurrent vs applied voltage with cutoff voltage V₀ = (hf - φ)/e where current becomes zero; (4) Threshold frequency analysis graph plotting kinetic energy vs frequency with linear relationship KE = hf - φ. Interactive parameters: light frequency (300-1000 THz with color presets), light intensity (10-100%), work function φ (1.5-6.5 eV with metal type selection: Sodium 2.28 eV, Potassium 2.30 eV, Calcium 2.87 eV, Zinc 4.33 eV, Copper 4.65 eV, Silver 4.73 eV, Platinum 5.65 eV), applied voltage (-5.0 to +5.0 V). Display options: show/hide incident photons, emitted electrons, electric field lines, energy vectors. Presets include: Classical Prediction (low frequency, high intensity - no emission), Quantum Reality (high frequency, emission), At Threshold (f = f₀), Sodium Experiment (historical Millikan measurements). Educational content covers key experimental observations (threshold frequency, instantaneous emission, energy-frequency dependence, intensity effect on current not energy), Einstein's quantum explanation (photons with energy E = hf), historical significance (Hertz 1887 discovery, Lenard 1902 measurements, Einstein 1905 quantum theory, Millikan 1912-1915 confirmation, 1921 Nobel Prize), and practical applications (solar cells, photodiodes, photoelectric sensors, night vision, image sensors, photomultiplier tubes). Multi-language support (zh, en, de, fr, es, pt, ru).
Electromagnetic Spectrum - 电磁波谱
Interactive electromagnetic spectrum visualization from radio waves to gamma rays, showing wavelength, frequency, and energy relationships across all seven major bands. Features fundamental formulas: c = λf (wave equation), E = hf (photon energy), with constants c = 2.998×10⁸ m/s (speed of light) and h = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ J·s (Planck constant). Real-time visualization includes: (1) Electromagnetic spectrum chart displaying seven bands (radio waves: 10³-10¹¹ Hz, 10⁵-10⁻³ m; microwaves: 10⁸-10¹² Hz, 1-10⁻⁴ m; infrared: 10¹¹-10¹⁴ Hz, 10⁻³-10⁻⁷ m; visible light: 4.3×10¹⁴-7.5×10¹⁴ Hz, 700-400 nm; ultraviolet: 7.5×10¹⁴-3×10¹⁶ Hz, 400-10 nm; X-rays: 3×10¹⁶-3×10¹⁹ Hz, 10-10⁻¹¹ m; gamma rays: 3×10¹⁹-3×10²² Hz, 10⁻¹¹-10⁻¹⁴ m) with color-coded regions and logarithmic wavelength/frequency scales; (2) Animated wave visualization showing sine waves with different wavelengths and frequencies for each band, with wavelength λ and amplitude A indicators; (3) Photon energy bar chart displaying E = hf in electron volts (eV) for each band, from 10⁻⁶ eV (radio) to 10⁸ eV (gamma). Interactive band selection displays detailed information: frequency range, wavelength range, photon energy, and practical applications (broadcasting, Wi-Fi, radar, microwave ovens, thermal imaging, night vision, lighting, photography, lasers, sterilization, medical imaging, security, astronomy, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine). Adjustable parameters: animation speed (0.1-3.0x), wave amplitude (0.5-2.0), band selection (radio/microwave/infrared/visible/ultraviolet/X-ray/gamma), view options (show/hide wavelength axis, frequency axis, energy scale, application labels, grid, labels), logarithmic/linear scale toggle. Educational content covers electromagnetic wave properties (transverse waves, perpendicular E and B fields, vacuum propagation at c, energy-frequency relationship), seven band characteristics and applications, safety considerations (non-ionizing vs ionizing radiation, thermal effects, DNA damage, exposure limits). Multi-language support (zh, en, de, fr, es, pt, ru).
Double Slit Quantum Trajectory - 双缝量子轨迹
Interactive quantum mechanics simulation demonstrating single-particle double slit experiment, wave-particle duality, and probability distribution. Features quantum intensity formulas: With interference (no detector): I(θ) = I₀·cos²(πd·sinθ/λ)·(sin(α)/α)² where α = πa·sinθ/λ. Without interference (path detector): I(θ) = 2·I₀·(sin(α)/α)². de Broglie wavelength: λ = h/p. Probability amplitude: ψ = ψ₁ + ψ₂. Probability: |ψ|² = |ψ₁|² + |ψ₂|² + 2Re(ψ₁*ψ₂). Measurement effect: path information destroys interference cross-term. Real-time visualization includes: (1) Experimental setup (side view) showing electron gun, double slit barrier, optional path detector, detection screen, and wave function propagation animation; (2) Particle accumulation pattern on screen with individual particle hits colored by local density (blue→cyan→green→yellow→red), theoretical probability curve overlay, and histogram display; (3) Statistics panel tracking emitted/detected particles, center intensity, detector status, and experiment time. Monte Carlo particle sampling uses accept-reject method based on theoretical intensity distribution. Adjustable parameters: slit separation d (0.1-10.0 μm), slit width a (0.05-2.0 μm), screen distance L (0.1-5.0 m), de Broglie wavelength λ (10-200 pm with presets for electron 50pm, proton 2pm, slow electron 150pm), particles per frame (1-100), path detector toggle, theoretical curve overlay, particle trajectory animation, and point display density. Educational content covers quantum trajectory concept (no well-defined paths, wave function evolution), wave-particle duality (individual particle hits vs statistical interference pattern), measurement effect (quantum superposition collapse, distinguishable paths eliminate interference), probability amplitudes and quantum interference (constructive/destructive, cross-term vanishes with measurement), de Broglie wavelength (matter waves, picometer scale for electrons, Nobel Prize 1929), and applications: electron microscopy, quantum computing coherence, quantum cryptography, decoherence research, and quantum-to-classical transition. Multi-language support (zh, en, es, fr, de, ru, pt).
Van der Pol Oscillator - Van der Pol 振子
Interactive visualization of the Van der Pol oscillator - explore nonlinear oscillations, limit cycles, phase space trajectories, relaxation oscillations, and bifurcation behavior with adjustable μ parameter, real-time RK4 integration, vector field visualization, and comprehensive educational content covering theory, history, applications in biology/engineering/physics, and interactive experiments for nonlinear dynamics education
N-Body Gravity Simulation - N体引力模拟
Interactive N-body gravity simulation exploring celestial mechanics, chaos theory, and energy conservation through accurate physics simulation. Features RK4 (4th-order Runge-Kutta) integrator for high-precision numerical integration of Newton's law of universal gravitation F = G·m₁·m₂/r². Interactive canvas: click and drag to add celestial bodies with custom mass and initial velocity. Real-time visualization includes orbital trails with fading effect showing trajectory history, velocity vectors with directional arrows, body sizes proportional to mass, and color-coded bodies by mass index. Energy conservation tracking with real-time plot displaying kinetic energy, potential energy, and total energy to verify numerical accuracy. Preset astronomical scenarios: Earth-Moon-Sun system (demonstrating stable hierarchical orbits), binary star system (two equal-mass stars orbiting common center of mass), chaotic three-body (random initial conditions showing unpredictable chaotic behavior), and gravity assist slingshot (spacecraft maneuver using planetary gravity for acceleration). Comprehensive physics controls: time speed adjustment (0.1x - 5x), trail length control (0 - 500 points), velocity vector toggle, trail display toggle, energy plot toggle, mass slider for new bodies (10 - 1000 units), and clear all function. Real-time statistics display: body count, total energy with conservation percentage, maximum velocity in system, simulation time elapsed, and center of mass calculation. Educational content sections: Theory (Newton's universal gravitation law, N-body problem explanation, chaos theory connection with butterfly effect, energy conservation principles, Kepler's laws and orbital mechanics), History timeline (Newton's Principia 1687, Lagrange points 1772, Poincaré's chaos discovery 1890, modern applications in space missions), and Guided Experiments (create stable orbit tutorial, three-body chaos demonstration, gravity assist maneuver, orbital resonance exploration). Technical features: O(n²) force calculation optimized for <100 bodies, softening parameter to prevent singularities, canvas-based rendering with 60 FPS, dark space theme with glowing body effects, responsive design for all screen sizes, and comprehensive i18n support (zh, en, es, fr, de, ru, pt). Perfect for astronomy enthusiasts, physics students studying classical mechanics and chaos theory, and anyone interested in orbital dynamics and gravitational systems.
Forced Pendulum - Poincaré Section & Chaotic Dynamics
Interactive visualization of the forced pendulum - explore chaotic dynamics through Poincaré sections with the equation θ̈ + βθ̇ + sin(θ) = γ·cos(ωt). Primary focus on Poincaré section analysis: samples system state at each drive period to reveal attractor structure (single point for period-1, two points for period-2, fractal patterns for chaos). Four visualization panels: Poincaré section (θ vs ω) with customizable sampling phase, max points (100-10000), point size, and color schemes (time gradient, density, velocity); phase portrait (θ̇ vs θ) with adjustable trail length; time series θ(t) showing transient and steady-state behavior with optional drive force overlay; 3D phase space (θ, θ̇, φ) with rotation animation. Comprehensive parameter controls: damping coefficient β (0.05-1.0), drive amplitude γ (0-2.0), drive frequency ω (0.5-3.0), initial conditions θ₀ (-π to π) and θ̇₀ (-3 to 3), sampling phase (0-2π), transient time (0-100), and simulation speed. Five preset configurations: Period-1 (β=0.5, γ=0.9, ω=0.667), Period-2 (β=0.5, γ=1.07, ω=0.667), Chaos (β=0.5, γ=1.15, ω=0.667), Strong Chaos (β=0.2, γ=1.5, ω=1.0), and Free Oscillation (β=0.1, γ=0). Real-time metrics: time t, angle θ (normalized to [-π, π]), angular velocity θ̇, drive phase φ = ωt mod 2π, kinetic energy T = ½θ̇², and potential energy V = 1 - cos(θ). Advanced features: multiple initial conditions comparison to demonstrate sensitivity to initial conditions, adjustable Poincaré sampling phase for different cross-sections, and cumulative point collection up to 10000 points. Numerical integration using fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method converting second-order ODE: dθ/dt = ω, dω/dt = γ·cos(ωt) - β·ω - sin(θ). Educational content covering forced pendulum theory, physical meaning of each parameter (θ: pendulum angle, β: damping/friction, γ: drive amplitude, ω: drive frequency), understanding Poincaré sections and how to interpret them (single point = period-1, two points = period-2, finite set = period-n, closed curve = quasi-periodic, fractal = chaos), route to chaos through period-doubling cascade (small γ → periodic, medium γ → period doubling, large γ → chaos), observation guide, and applications (mechanical vibrations, electronic oscillators, synchronization theory, climate dynamics). Perfect for nonlinear dynamics education, chaos theory research, and understanding how simple driven systems can exhibit complex behavior. Multi-language support (zh, en, es, fr, de, ru, pt).
Pascal's Law - 帕斯卡定律
Interactive hydraulic press simulation demonstrating Pascal's law of pressure transmission in confined fluids. Features realistic physics implementation: pressure calculation P = F₁/A₁, force multiplication F₂ = F₁ × (A₂/A₁), volume conservation A₁×d₁ = A₂×d₂, and work conservation W₁ = F₁×d₁ = F₂×d₂ = W₂. Visual U-tube hydraulic system with two pistons of different areas, realistic fluid displacement animation with smooth ease-out motion, force arrows showing input force F₁ (red downward) and output force F₂ (green upward) proportional to magnitude, pressure indicators P in both chambers, and piston size proportional to area (A₁ < A₂). Interactive controls: input force F₁ (10-1000 N), input piston area A₁ (0.001-0.1 m²), output piston area A₂ (0.01-1.0 m²), with apply force animation and pause/reset functionality. Real-time calculations display: input force F₁, input area A₁, output area A₂, pressure P = F₁/A₁, output force F₂ = P×A₂, force multiplier (A₂/A₁), input displacement d₁, output displacement d₂ (following volume conservation d₂ = d₁×A₁/A₂), input work W₁ = F₁×d₁, output work W₂ = F₂×d₂, and efficiency (W₂/W₁×100%). Visual elements include: U-tube container with fluid, two pistons with connecting rods, force magnitude visualization through arrow scaling, pressure indicators showing equal pressure in both chambers, displacement labels showing d₁ > d₂ when A₂ > A₁, and dynamic updates during animation. Animation demonstrates the fundamental trade-off: force increases proportionally to area ratio while displacement decreases inversely to maintain energy conservation. Educational content covering Pascal's law theory (pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions), hydraulic press working principle, force multiplication and area ratio relationship, displacement ratio inverse to force ratio, work and energy conservation, real-world applications (hydraulic presses in manufacturing, automotive brake systems, hydraulic lifts and elevators, excavator arms), advantages of hydraulic systems (force multiplication, flexible transmission, smooth motion, overload protection), and limitations (reduced displacement, energy conservation, friction losses, fluid leakage). Perfect for understanding fluid mechanics, hydraulic principles, and how simple pressure transmission enables mechanical advantage. Multi-language support (zh, en, fr, de, es, pt, ru, ja).
Archimedes' Principle - 阿基米德原理
Interactive simulation of Archimedes' principle with buoyancy, density, and fluid displacement with floating/sinking behavior. Features comprehensive physics simulation: buoyancy force calculation F_b = ρ_fluid × V_displaced × g, gravity force F_g = m × g, net force F_net = F_b - F_g, and density comparison (ρ_object vs ρ_fluid). Real-time 2D physics animation: object drops into fluid with realistic motion dynamics, submerged volume calculation based on object position, buoyancy force proportional to displaced volume, drag force for realistic damping, and oscillation with damping to equilibrium. Three possible outcomes: floating (ρ_object < ρ_fluid), suspended (ρ_object = ρ_fluid), or sinking (ρ_object > ρ_fluid). Interactive controls: object mass (m: 0.1-50 kg), object volume (V: 0.001-0.1 m³), fluid density (ρ_fluid: 100-2000 kg/m³) with preset fluid types (water 1000, seawater 1260, oil 920, mercury 13600, air 1.2 kg/m³), and animation speed (0.1-3.0x). Real-time calculations display: object density (m/V), gravity force (m·g), displaced volume, buoyancy force (ρ·V·g), net force, and submerged percentage. Visual elements: fluid container with water surface, cube object with size proportional to volume, force vectors showing magnitude and direction (buoyancy: green upward, gravity: red downward, net force: purple), density comparison bars, water surface animation, and object reflection in water. Animation features: drop object to start simulation, realistic physics with drag and damping, automatic equilibrium detection, and force arrow scaling with magnitude. Educational content covering Archimedes' principle theory, buoyancy force calculation, density comparison and floating conditions, fluid displacement concept, and real-world applications (ships and boats, submarines, hot air balloons, hydrometers). Multi-language support (zh, en, fr, de, es, pt, ru, ja).
Inclined Plane Physics - 斜面力学
Interactive simulation of inclined plane mechanics with force decomposition, friction, and motion dynamics. Features comprehensive physics simulation: gravitational force decomposition into parallel (mg·sinθ) and perpendicular (mg·cosθ) components, normal force calculation (N = mg·cosθ), friction force (f = μN), and net force (F_net = mg·sinθ - μmg·cosθ). Acceleration calculation: a = g·(sinθ - μ·cosθ). Interactive controls: angle (θ: 5-60°), mass (m: 1-20 kg), friction coefficient (μ: 0-1), gravity (g: 1.6-20 m/s²), and plane length (5-20 m). Real-time displays: acceleration, velocity, position, time elapsed, and all force components (gravity, normal, parallel, perpendicular, friction, net force). Visual elements: inclined plane with adjustable angle, block with size proportional to mass, force vectors with arrows showing magnitude and direction (gravity: red, normal: green, parallel component: orange, perpendicular component: purple, friction: orange-red, net force: dark red), angle arc indicator, and position marker. Motion animation: block slides down plane with realistic acceleration, automatic stop at bottom, start/pause/reset controls. Educational content covering inclined plane theory, force decomposition principles, friction effects (static vs kinetic), motion analysis, critical angle calculation (θ_critical = arctan(μ)), and real-world applications (ramps, slides, conveyor belts, road design). Multi-language support (zh, en, fr, de, es, pt, ru).