Solve any one of pH/HCO₃⁻/PaCO₂ from the other two via pH = 6.1 + log10(HCO₃⁻/(0.03×PaCO₂)). Reports linear Henderson [H⁺] cross-check. Derived from Henderson 1908, Hasselbalch 1916, Siggaard-Andersen 1974, LITFL, StatPearls, Berend 2016. Not medical advice.
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Tool usage guide
Learn when to use this tool, what it supports, and how real users apply it.
Key facts
Category
Health
Input types
number
Output type
json
Sample coverage
4
API ready
Yes
Overview
The Henderson-Hasselbalch calculator solves for pH, HCO₃⁻, or PaCO₂ when the other two values are provided. It also reports a linear Henderson [H⁺] cross-check and the calculated acid-base category. This tool is for equation-based reference and is not medical advice.
When to use
Calculate pH from bicarbonate and arterial PaCO₂ values.
Calculate HCO₃⁻ or PaCO₂ when pH and the other variable are known.
Check whether three entered values are consistent with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
How it works
1Enter any two of pH, HCO₃⁻ in mmol/L, and PaCO₂ in mmHg.
2The calculator applies pH = 6.1 + log10(HCO₃⁻ / (0.03 × PaCO₂)) or the rearranged equation for the missing variable.
3The result includes the solved value, the input values, a pH category, and the calculation method.
4A linear Henderson estimate of [H⁺] is reported as a cross-check; entering all three values checks equation consistency.
Use cases
Verify textbook and classroom examples involving pH, bicarbonate, and PaCO₂.
Cross-check arterial blood gas equation calculations in acid-base study or review.
Compare measured values with the Henderson-Hasselbalch relationship during clinical education.
Examples
1. Calculate pH from bicarbonate and PaCO₂
Medical student
Background
A student is reviewing a standard acid-base example with HCO₃⁻ of 24 mmol/L and PaCO₂ of 40 mmHg.
Problem
Find the corresponding pH and verify the hydrogen ion estimate.
How to use
Enter HCO₃⁻ as 24, PaCO₂ as 40, and set Decimal Places to 2.
{"hco3":24,"paco2":40,"decimalPlaces":2}
Outcome
The calculator solves pH as 7.40 and reports a linear Henderson [H⁺] cross-check of 40 nmol/L.
2. Calculate PaCO₂ from pH and bicarbonate
Clinical educator
Background
An acid-base teaching case uses pH 7.20 and HCO₃⁻ of 20 mmol/L.
Problem
Determine the PaCO₂ implied by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
How to use
Enter pH as 7.20, HCO₃⁻ as 20, and set Decimal Places to 2.
{"ph":7.2,"hco3":20,"decimalPlaces":2}
FAQ
What inputs does the calculator require?
Provide any two of pH, HCO₃⁻, and PaCO₂. The tool solves for the third.
What units should I use?
Enter HCO₃⁻ in mmol/L and PaCO₂ in mmHg. Enter pH as a pH value such as 7.40.
Can I enter all three values?
Yes. When all three are entered, the calculator checks their Henderson-Hasselbalch consistency instead of solving for a missing value.
What does the [H⁺] result mean?
It is a linear Henderson cross-check calculated from [H⁺] = 24 × PaCO₂ / HCO₃⁻ and is reported in nmol/L.
Is this a complete blood gas interpretation?
No. The tool focuses on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and does not provide complete clinical interpretation or medical advice.