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Seguridad web

Autenticación sin Contraseña WebAuthn

Ejemplos de Web Authentication API con autenticación biométrica, claves de seguridad y sistemas de inicio de sesión sin contraseña

Ejemplos

Entradas de esta colección

CódigojavascriptSimple

WebAuthn Hello World

Implementación básica de WebAuthn con flujo simple de registro y autenticación

Dificultad

4/10

Tiempo estimado

20 min

Etiquetas

webauthn, authentication, security, passwordless

Requisitos previos

JavaScript basics, Async/await, Cryptography basics

javascript
// WebAuthn Hello World - Basic Passwordless Authentication
// Simple implementation of registration and authentication

class WebAuthnHelloWorld {
  constructor() {
    this.challenges = new Map() // Store challenges for verification
    this.credentials = new Map() // In-memory credential storage (use DB in production)
  }

  // Generate random challenge
  generateChallenge() {
    const array = new Uint8Array(32)
    crypto.getRandomValues(array)
    return this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(array.buffer)
  }

  // Convert ArrayBuffer to Base64URL
  arrayBufferToBase64URL(buffer) {
    return btoa(String.fromCharCode(...new Uint8Array(buffer)))
      .replace(/\+/g, '-')
      .replace(/\//g, '_')
      .replace(/=/g, '')
  }

  // Convert Base64URL to ArrayBuffer
  base64URLToArrayBuffer(base64url) {
    const base64 = base64url.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/')
    const padded = base64 + '='.repeat((4 - (base64.length % 4)) % 4)
    return Uint8Array.from(atob(padded), c => c.charCodeAt(0)).buffer
  }

  // Register new credential
  async register(username, displayName = username) {
    try {
      // Generate challenge
      const challenge = this.generateChallenge()
      this.challenges.set(username, challenge)

      // Create credential creation options
      const credentialCreationOptions = {
        challenge: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(challenge),
        rp: {
          name: "WebAuthn Demo",
          id: window.location.hostname
        },
        user: {
          id: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(btoa(username)),
          name: username,
          displayName: displayName
        },
        pubKeyCredParams: [
          { alg: -7, type: "public-key" },   // ES256
          { alg: -257, type: "public-key" }  // RS256
        ],
        authenticatorSelection: {
          authenticatorAttachment: "platform", // Use device built-in authenticator
          userVerification: "required"
        },
        timeout: 60000,
        attestation: "direct"
      }

      console.log('Creating credential with options:', credentialCreationOptions)

      // Create credential
      const credential = await navigator.credentials.create({
        publicKey: credentialCreationOptions
      })

      if (!credential) {
        throw new Error('Credential creation failed')
      }

      // Store credential (in production, save to database)
      const credentialData = {
        id: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(credential.rawId),
        type: credential.type,
        response: {
          attestationObject: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(credential.response.attestationObject),
          clientDataJSON: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(credential.response.clientDataJSON)
        }
      }

      this.credentials.set(username, credentialData)

      console.log('Credential registered successfully:', {
        username,
        credentialId: credentialData.id
      })

      return {
        success: true,
        credentialId: credentialData.id,
        message: 'Registration successful!'
      }

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Registration error:', error)
      return {
        success: false,
        error: error.message || 'Registration failed'
      }
    }
  }

  // Authenticate user
  async authenticate(username) {
    try {
      // Get stored credential
      const storedCredential = this.credentials.get(username)
      if (!storedCredential) {
        throw new Error('No credential found for this user')
      }

      // Generate challenge
      const challenge = this.generateChallenge()
      this.challenges.set(username, challenge)

      // Create assertion options
      const assertionOptions = {
        challenge: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(challenge),
        allowCredentials: [{
          id: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(storedCredential.id),
          type: storedCredential.type,
          transports: ['internal', 'usb', 'ble', 'nfc']
        }],
        userVerification: "required",
        timeout: 60000
      }

      console.log('Authenticating with options:', assertionOptions)

      // Get assertion
      const assertion = await navigator.credentials.get({
        publicKey: assertionOptions
      })

      if (!assertion) {
        throw new Error('Authentication failed')
      }

      // Verify assertion (simplified - in production, verify cryptographic signature)
      const assertionData = {
        credentialId: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.rawId),
        response: {
          authenticatorData: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.response.authenticatorData),
          clientDataJSON: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.response.clientDataJSON),
          signature: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.response.signature),
          userHandle: assertion.response.userHandle ?
            this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.response.userHandle) : null
        }
      }

      console.log('Authentication successful:', {
        username,
        credentialId: assertionData.credentialId
      })

      return {
        success: true,
        credentialId: assertionData.credentialId,
        message: 'Authentication successful!'
      }

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Authentication error:', error)
      return {
        success: false,
        error: error.message || 'Authentication failed'
      }
    }
  }

  // Check if WebAuthn is supported
  static isSupported() {
    return !!(navigator.credentials && navigator.credentials.create && navigator.credentials.get)
  }

  // Check if platform authenticator is available
  static async isPlatformAuthenticatorAvailable() {
    if (!this.isSupported()) return false

    try {
      const available = await PublicKeyCredential.isUserVerifyingPlatformAuthenticatorAvailable()
      return available
    } catch (error) {
      console.warn('Error checking platform authenticator:', error)
      return false
    }
  }
}

// HTML UI Example
// <!DOCTYPE html>
// <html>
// <head>
//   <title>WebAuthn Hello World</title>
//   <style>
//     body {
//       font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
//       max-width: 500px;
//       margin: 50px auto;
//       padding: 20px;
//       background: #f5f5f5;
//     }
//     .container {
//       background: white;
//       padding: 30px;
//       border-radius: 10px;
//       box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
//     }
//     h1 {
//       text-align: center;
//       color: #333;
//       margin-bottom: 30px;
//     }
//     .form-group {
//       margin-bottom: 20px;
//     }
//     label {
//       display: block;
//       margin-bottom: 5px;
//       font-weight: 500;
//       color: #555;
//     }
//     input {
//       width: 100%;
//       padding: 12px;
//       border: 1px solid #ddd;
//       border-radius: 5px;
//       font-size: 16px;
//       box-sizing: border-box;
//     }
//     button {
//       width: 100%;
//       padding: 12px;
//       background: #007AFF;
//       color: white;
//       border: none;
//       border-radius: 5px;
//       font-size: 16px;
//       cursor: pointer;
//       margin-bottom: 10px;
//     }
//     button:hover {
//       background: #0056b3;
//     }
//     button:disabled {
//       background: #ccc;
//       cursor: not-allowed;
//     }
//     .status {
//       padding: 15px;
//       border-radius: 5px;
//       margin-top: 20px;
//       text-align: center;
//     }
//     .success {
//       background: #d4edda;
//       color: #155724;
//       border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
//     }
//     .error {
//       background: #f8d7da;
//       color: #721c24;
//       border: 1px solid #f5c6cb;
//     }
//     .info {
//       background: #d1ecf1;
//       color: #0c5460;
//       border: 1px solid #bee5eb;
//     }
//   </style>
// </head>
// <body>
//   <div class="container">
//     <h1>🔐 WebAuthn Hello World</h1>

//     <div class="form-group">
//       <label for="username">Username:</label>
//       <input type="text" id="username" placeholder="Enter your username" value="alice">
//     </div>

//     <button id="registerBtn" onclick="register()">Register New Credential</button>
//     <button id="authenticateBtn" onclick="authenticate()">Sign In</button>

//     <div id="status" class="status info">
//       Click "Register" to create a new credential, then "Sign In" to authenticate
//     </div>
//   </div>

//   <script src="webauthn-hello-world.js"></script>
//   <script>
//     const webauthn = new WebAuthnHelloWorld()

//     // Check browser support
//     if (!WebAuthnHelloWorld.isSupported()) {
//       updateStatus('WebAuthn is not supported in this browser', 'error')
//       document.getElementById('registerBtn').disabled = true
//       document.getElementById('authenticateBtn').disabled = true
//     }

//     async function register() {
//       const username = document.getElementById('username').value.trim()
//       if (!username) {
//         updateStatus('Please enter a username', 'error')
//         return
//       }

//       updateStatus('Creating credential...', 'info')
//       disableButtons(true)

//       try {
//         const result = await webauthn.register(username)
//         if (result.success) {
//           updateStatus(`✅ ${result.message} (ID: ${result.credentialId})`, 'success')
//         } else {
//           updateStatus(`❌ Registration failed: ${result.error}`, 'error')
//         }
//       } catch (error) {
//         updateStatus(`❌ Registration error: ${error.message}`, 'error')
//       } finally {
//         disableButtons(false)
//       }
//     }

//     async function authenticate() {
//       const username = document.getElementById('username').value.trim()
//       if (!username) {
//         updateStatus('Please enter a username', 'error')
//         return
//       }

//       updateStatus('Authenticating...', 'info')
//       disableButtons(true)

//       try {
//         const result = await webauthn.authenticate(username)
//         if (result.success) {
//           updateStatus(`✅ ${result.message} (ID: ${result.credentialId})`, 'success')
//           // Redirect to dashboard on success
//           setTimeout(() => {
//             updateStatus('🎉 Authentication successful! Redirecting...', 'success')
//           }, 2000)
//         } else {
//           updateStatus(`❌ Authentication failed: ${result.error}`, 'error')
//         }
//       } catch (error) {
//         updateStatus(`❌ Authentication error: ${error.message}`, 'error')
//       } finally {
//         disableButtons(false)
//       }
//     }

//     function updateStatus(message, type) {
//       const statusEl = document.getElementById('status')
//       statusEl.textContent = message
//       statusEl.className = `status ${type}`
//     }

//     function disableButtons(disabled) {
//       document.getElementById('registerBtn').disabled = disabled
//       document.getElementById('authenticateBtn').disabled = disabled
//     }

//     // Check platform authenticator availability
//     (async () => {
//       const isAvailable = await WebAuthnHelloWorld.isPlatformAuthenticatorAvailable()
//       if (isAvailable) {
//         console.log('✅ Platform authenticator (biometric) is available')
//       } else {
//         console.log('ℹ️ Platform authenticator not available, but you can use security keys')
//       }
//     })()
//   </script>
// </body>
// </html>

// Usage example:
// const webauthn = new WebAuthnHelloWorld()
//
// // Register a new user
// webauthn.register('alice', 'Alice Smith')
//   .then(result => console.log(result))
//
// // Authenticate existing user
// webauthn.authenticate('alice')
//   .then(result => console.log(result))

export default WebAuthnHelloWorld
CódigotypescriptIntermedio

Sistema Gestor de Passkeys

Sistema completo de gestión de passkeys con soporte para múltiples dispositivos, opciones de respaldo e interfaz amigable

Dificultad

7/10

Tiempo estimado

35 min

Etiquetas

webauthn, passkeys, authentication, security, passwordless

Requisitos previos

TypeScript, IndexedDB, Async programming, Cryptography

typescript
// WebAuthn Passkeys Manager - Complete Passwordless Authentication System
// Multiple device support, backup options, and enterprise features

interface PasskeyCredential {
  id: string
  name: string
  createdAt: Date
  lastUsedAt?: Date
  deviceType: 'platform' | 'cross-platform'
  userHandle: string
  publicKey: string
  counter: number
  transports: string[]
  backupEligible: boolean
  backupState: boolean
}

interface UserAccount {
  id: string
  username: string
  email: string
  displayName: string
  passkeys: PasskeyCredential[]
  createdAt: Date
  lastLoginAt?: Date
  mfaEnabled: boolean
}

class PasskeysManager {
  private db: IDBDatabase | null = null
  private readonly DB_NAME = 'PasskeysManagerDB'
  private readonly DB_VERSION = 1
  private readonly STORE_NAME = 'users'

  constructor() {
    this.initDB()
  }

  // Initialize IndexedDB for credential storage
  private async initDB(): Promise<void> {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const request = indexedDB.open(this.DB_NAME, this.DB_VERSION)

      request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
      request.onsuccess = () => {
        this.db = request.result
        resolve()
      }

      request.onupgradeneeded = (event) => {
        const db = (event.target as IDBOpenDBRequest).result

        if (!db.objectStoreNames.contains(this.STORE_NAME)) {
          const store = db.createObjectStore(this.STORE_NAME, { keyPath: 'id' })
          store.createIndex('username', 'username', { unique: true })
          store.createIndex('email', 'email', { unique: true })
        }
      }
    })
  }

  // Generate secure random challenge
  private generateChallenge(): string {
    const array = new Uint8Array(32)
    crypto.getRandomValues(array)
    return Array.from(array, byte => byte.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('')
  }

  // Convert ArrayBuffer to Base64URL
  private arrayBufferToBase64URL(buffer: ArrayBuffer): string {
    return btoa(String.fromCharCode(...new Uint8Array(buffer)))
      .replace(/\+/g, '-')
      .replace(/\//g, '_')
      .replace(/=/g, '')
  }

  // Convert Base64URL to ArrayBuffer
  private base64URLToArrayBuffer(base64url: string): ArrayBuffer {
    return Uint8Array.from(atob(base64url.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/')), c => c.charCodeAt(0)).buffer
  }

  // Generate unique user ID
  private generateUserId(): string {
    return this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16)))
  }

  // Create new user account
  async createUser(username: string, email: string, displayName: string): Promise<UserAccount> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    // Check if user already exists
    const existingUser = await this.getUserByUsername(username)
    if (existingUser) {
      throw new Error('User already exists')
    }

    const user: UserAccount = {
      id: this.generateUserId(),
      username,
      email,
      displayName,
      passkeys: [],
      createdAt: new Date(),
      mfaEnabled: false
    }

    await this.saveUser(user)
    return user
  }

  // Register new passkey for user
  async registerPasskey(
    userId: string,
    passkeyName: string,
    authenticatorAttachment: 'platform' | 'cross-platform' = 'platform'
  ): Promise<PasskeyCredential> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    const user = await this.getUserById(userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    try {
      // Generate challenge
      const challenge = this.generateChallenge()

      // Create credential creation options
      const credentialCreationOptions: CredentialCreationOptions = {
        challenge: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(challenge),
        rp: {
          name: "Passkeys Manager",
          id: window.location.hostname
        },
        user: {
          id: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(user.id),
          name: user.username,
          displayName: user.displayName
        },
        pubKeyCredParams: [
          { alg: -7, type: "public-key" },   // ES256
          { alg: -257, type: "public-key" },  // RS256
          { alg: -8, type: "public-key" },    // Ed25519
        ],
        authenticatorSelection: {
          authenticatorAttachment,
          residentKey: 'required',
          userVerification: 'required'
        },
        extensions: {
          credProps: true,
          largeBlob: true
        },
        timeout: 60000,
        attestation: 'direct'
      }

      // Create credential
      const credential = await navigator.credentials.create({
        publicKey: credentialCreationOptions
      }) as PublicKeyCredential

      if (!credential) {
        throw new Error('Credential creation failed')
      }

      // Parse client data
      const clientDataJSON = JSON.parse(
        new TextDecoder().decode(credential.response.clientDataJSON)
      )

      // Extract authenticator info
      const authData = new Uint8Array(credential.response.authenticatorData)
      const flags = authData[32]
      const backupEligible = !!(flags & 0x08)
      const backupState = !!(flags & 0x10)

      // Create passkey record
      const passkey: PasskeyCredential = {
        id: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(credential.rawId),
        name: passkeyName,
        createdAt: new Date(),
        deviceType: authenticatorAttachment,
        userHandle: user.id,
        publicKey: this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(credential.response.publicKey || new ArrayBuffer(0)),
        counter: 0,
        transports: clientDataJSON.transports || [],
        backupEligible,
        backupState
      }

      // Add passkey to user
      user.passkeys.push(passkey)
      await this.saveUser(user)

      console.log('Passkey registered successfully:', {
        name: passkeyName,
        id: passkey.id,
        deviceType: passkey.deviceType,
        backupEligible: passkey.backupEligible
      })

      return passkey

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Passkey registration error:', error)
      throw new Error(`Passkey registration failed: ${error.message}`)
    }
  }

  // Authenticate user with passkey
  async authenticate(userHint?: string): Promise<{ user: UserAccount; credentialId: string }> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    try {
      // Generate challenge
      const challenge = this.generateChallenge()

      // Get all available passkeys if no specific user hint
      let allowCredentials: PublicKeyCredentialDescriptor[] = []

      if (userHint) {
        const user = await this.getUserByUsername(userHint)
        if (user && user.passkeys.length > 0) {
          allowCredentials = user.passkeys.map(passkey => ({
            id: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(passkey.id),
            type: 'public-key',
            transports: passkey.transports as AuthenticatorTransport[]
          }))
        }
      }

      // Create assertion options
      const assertionOptions: AssertionOptions = {
        challenge: this.base64URLToArrayBuffer(challenge),
        allowCredentials,
        userVerification: 'required',
        extensions: {
          largeBlob: true
        },
        timeout: 60000
      }

      // Get assertion
      const assertion = await navigator.credentials.get({
        publicKey: assertionOptions
      }) as PublicKeyCredential

      if (!assertion) {
        throw new Error('Authentication failed')
      }

      // Find user by credential ID
      const credentialId = this.arrayBufferToBase64URL(assertion.rawId)
      let authenticatedUser: UserAccount | null = null
      let matchedPasskey: PasskeyCredential | null = null

      // Search all users for matching credential
      for (const user of await this.getAllUsers()) {
        const passkey = user.passkeys.find(pk => pk.id === credentialId)
        if (passkey) {
          authenticatedUser = user
          matchedPasskey = passkey
          break
        }
      }

      if (!authenticatedUser || !matchedPasskey) {
        throw new Error('Invalid credential')
      }

      // Update last used timestamp
      matchedPasskey.lastUsedAt = new Date()
      authenticatedUser.lastLoginAt = new Date()
      await this.saveUser(authenticatedUser)

      console.log('Authentication successful:', {
        user: authenticatedUser.username,
        credentialId,
        passkeyName: matchedPasskey.name
      })

      return { user: authenticatedUser, credentialId }

    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Authentication error:', error)
      throw new Error(`Authentication failed: ${error.message}`)
    }
  }

  // List user's passkeys
  async listPasskeys(userId: string): Promise<PasskeyCredential[]> {
    const user = await this.getUserById(userId)
    return user ? user.passkeys : []
  }

  // Delete passkey
  async deletePasskey(userId: string, passkeyId: string): Promise<void> {
    const user = await this.getUserById(userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    const passkeyIndex = user.passkeys.findIndex(pk => pk.id === passkeyId)
    if (passkeyIndex === -1) {
      throw new Error('Passkey not found')
    }

    // Remove passkey
    user.passkeys.splice(passkeyIndex, 1)
    await this.saveUser(user)
  }

  // Update passkey name
  async updatePasskeyName(userId: string, passkeyId: string, newName: string): Promise<void> {
    const user = await this.getUserById(userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    const passkey = user.passkeys.find(pk => pk.id === passkeyId)
    if (!passkey) {
      throw new Error('Passkey not found')
    }

    passkey.name = newName
    await this.saveUser(user)
  }

  // Database operations
  private async saveUser(user: UserAccount): Promise<void> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const transaction = this.db!.transaction([this.STORE_NAME], 'readwrite')
      const store = transaction.objectStore(this.STORE_NAME)
      const request = store.put(user)

      request.onsuccess = () => resolve()
      request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
    })
  }

  private async getUserById(userId: string): Promise<UserAccount | null> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const transaction = this.db!.transaction([this.STORE_NAME], 'readonly')
      const store = transaction.objectStore(this.STORE_NAME)
      const request = store.get(userId)

      request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result || null)
      request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
    })
  }

  private async getUserByUsername(username: string): Promise<UserAccount | null> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const transaction = this.db!.transaction([this.STORE_NAME], 'readonly')
      const store = transaction.objectStore(this.STORE_NAME)
      const index = store.index('username')
      const request = index.get(username)

      request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result || null)
      request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
    })
  }

  private async getAllUsers(): Promise<UserAccount[]> {
    if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database not initialized')

    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const transaction = this.db!.transaction([this.STORE_NAME], 'readonly')
      const store = transaction.objectStore(this.STORE_NAME)
      const request = store.getAll()

      request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result || [])
      request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
    })
  }

  // Export passkeys for backup
  async exportPasskeys(userId: string): Promise<string> {
    const user = await this.getUserById(userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    // Create export data (excluding sensitive fields)
    const exportData = {
      user: {
        id: user.id,
        username: user.username,
        email: user.email,
        displayName: user.displayName
      },
      passkeys: user.passkeys.map(pk => ({
        id: pk.id,
        name: pk.name,
        createdAt: pk.createdAt,
        deviceType: pk.deviceType,
        transports: pk.transports,
        backupEligible: pk.backupEligible
      })),
      exportedAt: new Date().toISOString()
    }

    return JSON.stringify(exportData, null, 2)
  }

  // Check browser compatibility
  static checkCompatibility(): {
    supported: boolean
    platformAuthenticator: boolean
    conditionalUI: boolean
    largeBlob: boolean
  } {
    return {
      supported: !!(navigator.credentials && navigator.credentials.create && navigator.credentials.get),
      platformAuthenticator: !!(PublicKeyCredential as any).isUserVerifyingPlatformAuthenticatorAvailable,
      conditionalUI: !!(PublicKeyCredential as any).isConditionalMediationAvailable,
      largeBlob: 'publicKey' in PublicKeyCredential.prototype
    }
  }
}

// React Component Example
// import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react'

// const PasskeysManager: React.FC = () => {
//   const [passkeysManager] = useState(() => new PasskeysManager())
//   const [currentUser, setCurrentUser] = useState<UserAccount | null>(null)
//   const [passkeys, setPasskeys] = useState<PasskeyCredential[]>([])
//   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false)
//   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null)

//   useEffect(() => {
//     const compatibility = PasskeysManager.checkCompatibility()
//     console.log('WebAuthn compatibility:', compatibility)
//   }, [])

//   const handleRegisterPasskey = async (name: string, deviceType: 'platform' | 'cross-platform') => {
//     if (!currentUser) return

//     setLoading(true)
//     setError(null)

//     try {
//       const passkey = await passkeysManager.registerPasskey(currentUser.id, name, deviceType)
//       setPasskeys(prev => [...prev, passkey])
//     } catch (err) {
//       setError(err.message)
//     } finally {
//       setLoading(false)
//     }
//   }

//   const handleAuthenticate = async (userHint?: string) => {
//     setLoading(true)
//     setError(null)

//     try {
//       const { user } = await passkeysManager.authenticate(userHint)
//       setCurrentUser(user)
//       const userPasskeys = await passkeysManager.listPasskeys(user.id)
//       setPasskeys(userPasskeys)
//     } catch (err) {
//       setError(err.message)
//     } finally {
//       setLoading(false)
//     }
//   }

//   return (
//     <div className="passkeys-manager">
//       {/* UI implementation here */}
//     </div>
//   )
// }

export default PasskeysManager
CódigotypescriptComplejo

Integración de MFA

Integración de WebAuthn con sistemas MFA existentes, códigos de respaldo y opciones de recuperación

Dificultad

9/10

Tiempo estimado

45 min

Etiquetas

webauthn, mfa, authentication, security, enterprise

Requisitos previos

Advanced TypeScript, Security concepts, Cryptography, Enterprise auth

typescript
// WebAuthn MFA Integration - Enhanced Security with Multiple Factors
// Backup codes, recovery options, and enterprise features

interface MFAConfig {
  passkeysRequired: boolean
  backupCodesEnabled: boolean
  smsEnabled: boolean
  emailEnabled: boolean
  timeBasedOTPEnabled: boolean
  rememberDevice: boolean
  sessionTimeout: number
}

interface BackupCode {
  id: string
  code: string
  usedAt?: Date
  createdAt: Date
  expiresAt: Date
}

interface AuthSession {
  id: string
  userId: string
  deviceFingerprint: string
  createdAt: Date
  expiresAt: Date
  isTrusted: boolean
  lastUsedAt: Date
}

interface SecurityEvent {
  id: string
  userId: string
  type: 'login' | 'passkey_added' | 'passkey_removed' | 'mfa_enabled' | 'suspicious_activity'
  timestamp: Date
  ipAddress: string
  userAgent: string
  success: boolean
  details?: any
}

class WebAuthnMFAIntegration {
  private passkeysManager: PasskeysManager
  private config: MFAConfig
  private mfaSessions = new Map<string, AuthSession>()
  private securityEvents: SecurityEvent[] = []

  constructor(config: MFAConfig) {
    this.passkeysManager = new PasskeysManager()
    this.config = config
  }

  // Enhanced authentication with MFA
  async authenticateWithMFA(userHint?: string): Promise<{
    user: UserAccount
    requiresMFA: boolean
    mfaMethods: string[]
    sessionToken?: string
  }> {
    try {
      // First attempt WebAuthn authentication
      const { user, credentialId } = await this.passkeysManager.authenticate(userHint)

      // Check if additional MFA is required
      const requiresMFA = this.shouldRequireMFA(user)

      if (!requiresMFA) {
        // Create trusted session
        const sessionToken = await this.createTrustedSession(user)

        await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'login', true, {
          method: 'passkey_only',
          credentialId
        })

        return {
          user,
          requiresMFA: false,
          mfaMethods: [],
          sessionToken
        }
      }

      // MFA required - return available methods
      const mfaMethods = this.getAvailableMFAMethods(user)

      await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'login', false, {
        method: 'passkey',
        requiresMFA: true,
        credentialId
      })

      return {
        user,
        requiresMFA: true,
        mfaMethods,
        sessionToken: this.createTemporaryMFASession(user)
      }

    } catch (error) {
      // Log failed authentication attempt
      await this.logSecurityEvent('', 'login', false, {
        error: error.message,
        userHint
      })

      throw error
    }
  }

  // Complete MFA verification
  async completeMFA(
    tempSessionToken: string,
    mfaMethod: string,
    mfaData: any
  ): Promise<{ user: UserAccount; sessionToken: string }> {
    const tempSession = this.mfaSessions.get(tempSessionToken)
    if (!tempSession || tempSession.expiresAt < new Date()) {
      throw new Error('Invalid or expired MFA session')
    }

    const user = await this.passkeysManager['getUserById'](tempSession.userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    let mfaVerified = false

    switch (mfaMethod) {
      case 'backup_code':
        mfaVerified = await this.verifyBackupCode(user.id, mfaData.code)
        break
      case 'totp':
        mfaVerified = await this.verifyTOTP(user.id, mfaData.token)
        break
      case 'sms':
        mfaVerified = await this.verifySMS(user.id, mfaData.code)
        break
      case 'email':
        mfaVerified = await this.verifyEmail(user.id, mfaData.code)
        break
      default:
        throw new Error('Unsupported MFA method')
    }

    if (!mfaVerified) {
      await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'login', false, {
        mfaMethod,
        mfaData
      })
      throw new Error('MFA verification failed')
    }

    // Create trusted session
    const sessionToken = await this.createTrustedSession(user)

    // Clean up temporary session
    this.mfaSessions.delete(tempSessionToken)

    await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'login', true, {
      mfaMethod,
      deviceTrusted: true
    })

    return { user, sessionToken }
  }

  // Generate backup codes
  async generateBackupCodes(userId: string, count: number = 10): Promise<BackupCode[]> {
    const user = await this.passkeysManager['getUserById'](userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    const backupCodes: BackupCode[] = []
    const expiresAt = new Date()
    expiresAt.setFullYear(expiresAt.getFullYear() + 1) // Valid for 1 year

    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
      const code = this.generateBackupCode()
      backupCodes.push({
        id: this.generateId(),
        code,
        createdAt: new Date(),
        expiresAt
      })
    }

    // Store backup codes (in production, encrypt these)
    await this.storeBackupCodes(userId, backupCodes)

    await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'mfa_enabled', true, {
      type: 'backup_codes_generated',
      count
    })

    return backupCodes
  }

  // Setup TOTP (Time-based One-Time Password)
  async setupTOTP(userId: string): Promise<{
    secret: string
    qrCodeUrl: string
    backupCodes: BackupCode[]
  }> {
    const user = await this.passkeysManager['getUserById'](userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    // Generate TOTP secret
    const secret = this.generateTOTPSecret()
    const issuer = encodeURIComponent('Passkeys Manager')
    const accountName = encodeURIComponent(user.email)
    const qrCodeUrl = `otpauth://totp/${issuer}:${accountName}?secret=${secret}&issuer=${issuer}`

    // Generate backup codes
    const backupCodes = await this.generateBackupCodes(userId)

    // Store TOTP secret (in production, encrypt this)
    await this.storeTOTPSecret(userId, secret)

    await this.logSecurityEvent(user.id, 'mfa_enabled', true, {
      type: 'totp_setup'
    })

    return { secret, qrCodeUrl, backupCodes }
  }

  // Verify TOTP token
  async verifyTOTP(userId: string, token: string): Promise<boolean> {
    const secret = await this.getTOTPSecret(userId)
    if (!secret) {
      return false
    }

    // Verify token (simplified - use proper TOTP library in production)
    const expectedToken = this.generateTOTPToken(secret)
    const isValid = token === expectedToken

    if (isValid) {
      await this.logSecurityEvent(userId, 'login', true, {
        mfaMethod: 'totp',
        tokenVerified: true
      })
    }

    return isValid
  }

  // Check if MFA is required
  private shouldRequireMFA(user: UserAccount): boolean {
    if (!this.config.passkeysRequired) return false

    // Always require MFA if user has it enabled
    if (user.mfaEnabled) return true

    // Require MFA for new devices or suspicious locations
    // This would include IP geolocation, device fingerprinting, etc.
    return this.isNewDevice() || this.isSuspiciousLocation()
  }

  // Get available MFA methods for user
  private getAvailableMFAMethods(user: UserAccount): string[] {
    const methods = []

    if (this.config.backupCodesEnabled) {
      methods.push('backup_code')
    }

    if (this.config.timeBasedOTPEnabled) {
      // Check if user has TOTP setup
      if (this.hasTOTPSetup(user.id)) {
        methods.push('totp')
      }
    }

    if (this.config.smsEnabled && user.email) {
      methods.push('sms')
    }

    if (this.config.emailEnabled && user.email) {
      methods.push('email')
    }

    return methods
  }

  // Create trusted session
  private async createTrustedSession(user: UserAccount): Promise<string> {
    const session: AuthSession = {
      id: this.generateId(),
      userId: user.id,
      deviceFingerprint: this.generateDeviceFingerprint(),
      createdAt: new Date(),
      expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + this.config.sessionTimeout),
      isTrusted: true,
      lastUsedAt: new Date()
    }

    // Store session (in production, use secure session storage)
    await this.storeSession(session)

    return session.id
  }

  // Create temporary MFA session
  private createTemporaryMFASession(user: UserAccount): string {
    const session: AuthSession = {
      id: this.generateId(),
      userId: user.id,
      deviceFingerprint: this.generateDeviceFingerprint(),
      createdAt: new Date(),
      expiresAt: new Date(Date.now() + 10 * 60 * 1000), // 10 minutes
      isTrusted: false,
      lastUsedAt: new Date()
    }

    this.mfaSessions.set(session.id, session)

    return session.id
  }

  // Utility methods
  private generateBackupCode(): string {
    const characters = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789' // Remove confusing characters
    let code = ''
    for (let i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
      if (i > 0 && i % 4 === 0) code += '-'
      code += characters[Math.floor(Math.random() * characters.length)]
    }
    return code
  }

  private generateTOTPSecret(): string {
    const base32Chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
    let secret = ''
    for (let i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
      secret += base32Chars[Math.floor(Math.random() * base32Chars.length)]
    }
    return secret
  }

  private generateTOTPToken(secret: string): string {
    // Simplified TOTP generation - use proper library in production
    const timestamp = Math.floor(Date.now() / 30000) // 30-second intervals
    return (timestamp + secret.length).toString().slice(-6)
  }

  private generateDeviceFingerprint(): string {
    const canvas = document.createElement('canvas')
    const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
    if (ctx) {
      ctx.textBaseline = 'top'
      ctx.font = '14px Arial'
      ctx.fillText('Device fingerprint', 2, 2)
      return canvas.toDataURL().slice(-20)
    }
    return Math.random().toString(36).substring(2)
  }

  private generateId(): string {
    return Math.random().toString(36).substring(2) + Date.now().toString(36)
  }

  private isNewDevice(): boolean {
    // Implement device fingerprinting logic
    return Math.random() > 0.7 // 30% chance of new device for demo
  }

  private isSuspiciousLocation(): boolean {
    // Implement geolocation checking
    return Math.random() > 0.9 // 10% chance of suspicious location for demo
  }

  // Security logging
  private async logSecurityEvent(
    userId: string,
    type: SecurityEvent['type'],
    success: boolean,
    details?: any
  ): Promise<void> {
    const event: SecurityEvent = {
      id: this.generateId(),
      userId,
      type,
      timestamp: new Date(),
      ipAddress: '192.168.1.1', // Get from request in production
      userAgent: navigator.userAgent,
      success,
      details
    }

    this.securityEvents.push(event)

    // In production, store in secure logging system
    console.log('Security event:', event)

    // Alert on suspicious activity
    if (!success || type === 'suspicious_activity') {
      await this.alertSuspiciousActivity(event)
    }
  }

  private async alertSuspiciousActivity(event: SecurityEvent): Promise<void> {
    // Implement alert system (email, SMS, admin notification)
    console.warn('🚨 Suspicious activity detected:', event)
  }

  // Storage methods (implement with your preferred storage)
  private async storeBackupCodes(userId: string, codes: BackupCode[]): Promise<void> {
    // Implement secure storage
  }

  private async storeTOTPSecret(userId: string, secret: string): Promise<void> {
    // Implement secure storage
  }

  private async getTOTPSecret(userId: string): Promise<string | null> {
    // Implement secure retrieval
    return null
  }

  private async hasTOTPSetup(userId: string): Promise<boolean> {
    // Check if TOTP is configured for user
    return false
  }

  private async storeSession(session: AuthSession): Promise<void> {
    // Implement secure session storage
  }

  // Enterprise features
  async getSecurityReport(userId: string): Promise<{
    user: UserAccount
    recentEvents: SecurityEvent[]
    trustedDevices: AuthSession[]
    securityScore: number
    recommendations: string[]
  }> {
    const user = await this.passkeysManager['getUserById'](userId)
    if (!user) {
      throw new Error('User not found')
    }

    const recentEvents = this.securityEvents
      .filter(event => event.userId === userId)
      .sort((a, b) => b.timestamp.getTime() - a.timestamp.getTime())
      .slice(0, 50)

    const trustedDevices = Array.from(this.mfaSessions.values())
      .filter(session => session.userId === userId && session.isTrusted)

    const securityScore = this.calculateSecurityScore(user, recentEvents)
    const recommendations = this.generateSecurityRecommendations(user, securityScore)

    return {
      user,
      recentEvents,
      trustedDevices,
      securityScore,
      recommendations
    }
  }

  private calculateSecurityScore(user: UserAccount, events: SecurityEvent[]): number {
    let score = 50 // Base score

    // Add points for passkeys
    score += Math.min(user.passkeys.length * 10, 30)

    // Add points for MFA enabled
    if (user.mfaEnabled) score += 20

    // Subtract points for failed login attempts
    const failedLogins = events.filter(e => e.type === 'login' && !e.success).length
    score -= Math.min(failedLogins * 5, 20)

    return Math.max(0, Math.min(100, score))
  }

  private generateSecurityRecommendations(user: UserAccount, score: number): string[] {
    const recommendations = []

    if (user.passkeys.length === 0) {
      recommendations.push('Add at least one passkey for passwordless authentication')
    }

    if (user.passkeys.length === 1) {
      recommendations.push('Add a backup passkey for account recovery')
    }

    if (!user.mfaEnabled) {
      recommendations.push('Enable multi-factor authentication for enhanced security')
    }

    if (score < 70) {
      recommendations.push('Review recent security events for suspicious activity')
    }

    return recommendations
  }
}

// Usage Example
// const mfaConfig: MFAConfig = {
//   passkeysRequired: true,
//   backupCodesEnabled: true,
//   smsEnabled: true,
//   emailEnabled: true,
//   timeBasedOTPEnabled: true,
//   rememberDevice: true,
//   sessionTimeout: 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 // 24 hours
// }
//
// const mfaIntegration = new WebAuthnMFAIntegration(mfaConfig)
//
// // Authenticate with MFA
// const authResult = await mfaIntegration.authenticateWithMFA('[email protected]')
// if (authResult.requiresMFA) {
//   // Show MFA options UI
//   console.log('Available MFA methods:', authResult.mfaMethods)
//
//   // Complete MFA (user enters backup code)
//   const finalResult = await mfaIntegration.completeMFA(
//     authResult.sessionToken!,
//     'backup_code',
//     { code: 'ABCD-1234-EFGH' }
//   )
//   console.log('Authentication complete:', finalResult)
// }

export default WebAuthnMFAIntegration

Herramientas

Herramientas que suelen usarse con este ejemplo

Relacionado

Colecciones de ejemplos relacionadas

Guía de uso de la herramienta

Contexto para entender esta colección de ejemplos

Título

Autenticación sin Contraseña WebAuthn

Descripción

Ejemplos de Web Authentication API con autenticación biométrica, claves de seguridad y sistemas de inicio de sesión sin contraseña

Resumen

Ejemplos de Web Authentication API con autenticación biométrica, claves de seguridad y sistemas de inicio de sesión sin contraseña

Cuándo usarlo

  • Use this sample set when you want reference inputs for Autenticación sin Contraseña WebAuthn.
  • Use it to preview output formats and compare related sample variants.

Cómo funciona

  1. 1Open a sample entry to inspect the prepared example payload or asset.
  2. 2Compare it with related tools to understand how the workflow connects.

Casos de uso

  • WebAuthn Hello World
  • Sistema Gestor de Passkeys
  • Integración de MFA

Preguntas frecuentes

What is included in Autenticación sin Contraseña WebAuthn?

This page includes curated sample entries, related tools, and neighboring sample collections for Autenticación sin Contraseña WebAuthn.

Inicio
Herramientas3197
Ejemplos593
Visualizaciones461
Visores de archivos103
Temas229
Etiquetas333
Imágenes, audio y video655

Herramientas de procesamiento, conversión y optimización de imágenes, audio y video

Matemáticas, fechas y finanzas644

Calculadoras, herramientas numéricas, lógica de fechas, estadística y finanzas

Diseño y color296

Herramientas de color, maquetación, gráficos, estilo visual y apoyo al diseño

Texto y redacción209

Herramientas de redacción, limpieza, formato, extracción y análisis de texto

Desarrollo y Web193

Utilidades para desarrolladores, red, depuración web y automatización

Conversión y codificación175

Herramientas de conversión de formatos, archivos, unidades, archivos comprimidos y codificación

Estructurar una captura de interfaz, revisarla y entregarla a desarrollo
Boceto de piano, revisión MIDI y entrega de una maqueta de escucha
Revisión de texturas retro y entrega de recursos
Revisión y entrega de guías de procedimiento con capturas
Revisión visual de un rediseño adaptable y entrega de evidencias

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Cryptography

Decodificador de assertions WebAuthn Passkey y depurador de challenge

Decodifica clientDataJSON, authenticatorData, flags, rpIdHash y signCount; verifica ES256, RS256 o Ed25519 cuando se proporciona una clave pública.

Development

Analizador de Encabezados HTTP

Analiza encabezados HTTP, configuraciones de seguridad e información de respuesta

Security

Decodificador JWT

Decodificar tokens JWT

Security

Decodificador y auditor de seguridad JWT

Decodifica header y payload JWT, valida firmas HS256 o RS256 y marca riesgos de algoritmo, expiracion y claims sensibles

Security

Generador JWT

Genera tokens JWT con reclamos y algoritmos personalizados

Security

Medidor de robustez de contraseña

Estima la robustez real de la contraseña con entropía de Shannon, detección de patrones zxcvbn (l33t, diccionario, secuencias, repeticiones) y tiempo de crackeo por fuerza bruta en varios escenarios de ataque. La contraseña se evalúa localmente, sin enviarse a ningún sitio.

Security

Validador de Contraseñas

Valida la fuerza de la contraseña y verifica los requisitos de seguridad comunes

Security

Detector de Payloads XSS

Detecta vectores de ataque XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) en cadenas de entrada

Seguridad

Muestras JWT

Ejemplos completos de JWT desde la estructura básica de tokens hasta implementaciones de seguridad avanzadas

Seguridad

Muestras de Arquitectura Zero Trust

Muestras comprensivas de arquitectura Zero Trust cubriend autenticación, segmentación de red y control de acceso seguro

Validación

Ejemplos de Contraseñas Fuertes

Colección de contraseñas con varios niveles de fortaleza para probar validación