Schelling Segregation Model

How mild individual preferences produce extreme collective segregation

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About Schelling's Model

In 1971, Thomas Schelling demonstrated that even a mild preference for living near similar neighbors (as low as 30%) can lead to near-total segregation. This model shows how individually rational decisions can produce collectively irrational outcomes. Schelling was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Economics for this work.

Micro vs. Macro

Individual agents only require a small fraction of similar neighbors, yet the system converges to extreme segregation. The micro-motive does not match the macro-behavior.

Tipping Point

Try raising the threshold gradually. Around 40-50%, segregation becomes almost total. Below 25%, the grid remains relatively integrated.

Unintended Consequences

This model applies to real-world segregation in housing, schools, and workplaces, showing how it can arise without any explicit discriminatory policy.