# Meissner Effect Levitation

Interactive visualization of the Meissner effect: superconductor magnetic levitation, flux expulsion, shielding currents, and flux pinning in type-II superconductors

> Canonical page: https://elysiatools.com/en/visualizations/meissner-effect-levitation

- **Category:** Physics

## Overview

Interactive visualization of the Meissner effect in superconductors: magnetic levitation, flux expulsion, screening currents, and flux pinning. Three panels: (1) Main canvas showing magnetic field lines from a permanent magnet (N/S poles, red/blue) interacting with a superconductor — in the Meissner state, field lines are expelled and bend around the superconductor; in the normal state, they penetrate freely. Animated screening currents shown as yellow dots on the superconductor surface, flux vortices (purple) visible for type-II superconductors with pinning. (2) B-Field Profile along the vertical axis comparing Meissner vs normal state, with the superconductor region highlighted. (3) T-B Phase Diagram showing Bc1 (Meissner boundary), Bc2 (upper critical field), Meissner/mixed/normal regions, and the current operating point. Physics: temperature-dependent order parameter Δ(T) ∝ (1-(T/Tc)²)^(1/2), London penetration depth λ(T) = λ₀/√(1-(T/Tc)⁴), image method for levitation force. Adjustable parameters: temperature (4-300 K), critical temperature Tc (10-135 K, covering YBCO/MgB₂/Nb₃Sn), magnetic field B₀ (0.05-2.0 T), magnet distance (15-80 mm), flux pinning strength (0-1). Six presets: YBCO (Tc=93K), Nb₃Sn (Tc=18K), MgB₂ (Tc=39K), Strong Field, No Pinning, Max Pinning. Cool Down button for animated temperature sweep through Tc. Real-time statistics: superconducting/normal state, levitation height, screening current percentage, B expulsion percentage. Educational content covers Meissner effect discovery (1933), BCS theory and London equation, levitation force model, flux pinning and quantum locking in type-II superconductors. Multi-language support (en, zh, es, fr, de, ru, pt, ja).

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