# Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) Calculator

Calculate Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) = Serum Iron / TIBC × 100% (matching units, µg/dL or µmol/L). Reference range ≈ 20–50% in men and 15–50% in women. TSAT < 20% (or < 15% in premenopausal women) indicates iron deficiency (iron-deficiency anemia from chronic blood loss, inadequate intake, malabsorption), and is highly specific when ferritin is also low. TSAT > 50% (> 45% premenopausal) indicates iron overload or ineffective erythropoiesis: hereditary hemochromatosis, thalassemia major, sideroblastic anemia, repeated transfusions, or excessive iron therapy. Note serum iron has diurnal variation (morning high, evening low) and is shifted by recent iron ingestion, infection/inflammation, and hepatic disease — interpret with ferritin and CRP. Derived from Camaschella Blood 2019, Guyatt 1992, and MDCalc. Not medical advice.

> Canonical page: https://elysiatools.com/en/tools/transferrin-saturation

- **Category:** Health

- **Keywords:** transferrin saturation, TSAT, iron saturation, serum iron, TIBC, iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis, iron overload, anemia of chronic disease, hematology

## Overview

The Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) Calculator estimates iron saturation as Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100%. Enter serum iron and TIBC in matching units, such as µg/dL or µmol/L, to receive a percentage and a categorized result.

## Inputs

- **Serum Iron** (number): Serum iron. Use the same unit (µg/dL or µmol/L) as TIBC.
- **TIBC** (number): Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), in the same unit as serum iron.
- **Decimal Places** (number)

## When to use

- Estimate TSAT when evaluating possible iron deficiency or iron overload.
- Review iron-study results alongside ferritin and CRP in a clinical assessment.
- Quickly calculate TSAT from serum iron and TIBC without manual arithmetic.

## How it works

- Enter the serum iron value.
- Enter TIBC using the same unit as serum iron: µg/dL or µmol/L.
- Choose the number of decimal places, if needed.
- The calculator applies Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100% and returns the TSAT percentage with a category.

## Use cases

- Checking whether an iron panel suggests possible iron deficiency.
- Screening iron-study results for a pattern that may indicate iron overload.
- Teaching or reviewing the relationship between serum iron, TIBC, and TSAT.

## Frequently asked questions

### What is the TSAT formula?

TSAT = Serum Iron ÷ TIBC × 100%.

### Which units can I use?

Use matching units for both values, such as µg/dL or µmol/L.

### What does a low TSAT mean?

TSAT below about 20% may support iron deficiency; interpretation should include ferritin and other clinical findings.

### What does a high TSAT mean?

TSAT above about 50% may suggest iron overload or ineffective erythropoiesis and requires clinical evaluation.

### Is this calculator medical advice?

No. TSAT can be affected by timing, recent iron intake, inflammation, infection, and liver disease, so discuss results with a qualified clinician.

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